T cell

The parents may also manipulate the embryo to try and get rid of certain diseases that can be passed down, like cancer or sickle cell for example. While this may solve health issues, which will be discussed more later on, it can cause a human being to never be able to live. “…for the disabled embryos never receive the chance to live” (Kim). It could be very possible that a child could grow up and live a perfectly healthy life, but since even the slightest chance of a child having that disease…

Our clade is the group of organisms to which we belong that have evolved from a common ancestor. In human terms, we can all trace our beginnings back to the first Homo erectus. A more recent common ancestry is our membership in the descendants of that hardy bunch that first left Africa and could be called "modern humans." Since that time, we have developed many superficial characteristics and mentalities that have been used to divide us. All the different ways we use to classify "the other."…

typical eukaryotic cell. A typical human cell contains hundreds of lysosomes but can be found in much higher quantities in cells more directly involved in exocytosis and cells of the immune system. Under a microscope, lysosomes can be observed as spherical-shaped, tiny membranous sacs composed of a single phospholipid bilayer that separates the acidic interior (pH 4.8-5) from the rest of the cell. The acidity is maintained by the continuous pumping of hydrogen ions into the cell, allowing for…

do? EEF1 ALPHA1; tells cells how to read the instructions encoded in other…

carry out vital roles within a cell. Without mitochondria, the generation of ATP via oxidative phosphorylation would not occur. Cellular energy metabolism generates the most ATP within the mitochondria and during oxidative phosphorylation. Comparison of the different endosymbiosis theories, evolutionary time frames, mechanisms, and genetic testing can help pinpoint the origin of mitochondria and how they have grown to play such an important role in eukaryotic cells leading to the complexity of…

Simpler than eukaryotes, but complex compared to bacterial cells, Archaea are single celled microorganisms that are similar to bacteria in size and simplicity of structure but more closely related to Eukaryotes when it comes to molecular organization. They are believed to have evolved before Eukarya and after Bacteria which can be proved by microfossils traces, biomarkers, and more. Archaea at first seemed very similar to Bacteria, and many were categorized as such. Only later was the new domain…

Thanks to modern medicine and scientific research, cloning is a reality and no longer science fiction. We may great advancements to Sam cell research as well, leading to cures for diseases. All of this is very different though from what Victor Frankenstein tried when he built the monster. I will first speak on cloning and all the details having to do with it. Clones are living beings that are correct hereditary duplicates. Each and every piece of their DNA is indistinguishable. Clones can…

usually caused by an error in cell division, called “nondisjunction.” Nondisjunction results in an embryo with not two but three copies of chromosome 21. As the embryo develops, the extra chromosome is duplicated in every cell of the baby's body. Mosaicism is the least common form of down syndrome and only accounts for 1% of cases of down syndrome. Mosaicism is diagnosed when there is a mixture of two types of cells, some with the usual 46 chromosomes and some with 47. The cells with 47…

Cloning organs is the future of healthcare Did you know that if we found a way to successfully clone organs, they could be used to replace sick or defect organs and not only improve the life quality of ill people but also make the average lifespan longer? Cloning is a very interesting topic and a lot of people have different opinions about it. Some people think it is unnatural and wrong while some think it is the future of both human and animal healthcare. Scientists have successfully cloned…

Nowadays you go online and you're able to customize your own clothing or shoes but what if I told you can do the same thing with you first child. After reading that sentence you’re probably thinking how is that even possible, did I read that right? It may seem absolutely mind blowing but it’s possible, scientists have found a way to genetically modify fetuses. However just because this process is possible doesn’t mean everyone is okay with it. In fact in most countries it’s illegal to go through…