T cell receptor

(CAR T-Cell Therapy).…

disease of the body cells. When a cancerous tumour spreads, cells divide and travel to other body parts through blood or lymph where they then destroy tissues and grow into tumours. After heart disease cancer is the most feared death cause, however there are cases where patients are being cured from it and improvements to diagnosis and treatment are being…

Stem cell transplantation has been used, yet the long-term outcome is unknown. Although this is not considered genetic engineering it appears to be the closest mechanism used for this syndrome. Ideally, because this is a hereditary disease, laboratory research…

A receptor is a molecule usually found on the surface of the cell and receiving signals (chemical or hormonal) from outside the cell. Receptors belong to class of proteins. Binding of some substance to the receptor brings about changes that direct the actions of cell containing receptor. Ligand is the molecule that binds to the receptor and it can be a peptide, a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or a toxin etc. Each receptor possesses two functional domains: recognition domain that binds the…

2011). Ras are central mediators of downstream of growth factor receptor signalling. Ras proteins are small GTPase which cycle between inactive GDP bound and active GTP bound forms & are critical for cell proliferation, Survival & differentiation. Ras can activate downstream effectors including PI3K-AKT-mTOR and RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK…

researchers were interested in determining whether sex differences exist for the cannabinoid modulation of appetite, body temperature, and neurotransmission at POMC synapses. The drugs that were used in this experiment were a 1 mg/kg s.c. agonist CB1 receptor WIN 55,212-2, a 3 mg/kg s.c. antagonist AM251, and a 1 ml/kg s.c. vehicle. This study had two parts to it with one focusing on the behavioral aspects of the animals and the other on the biological aspects. Behavioral…

mucolipidosis type IV” discussed the impacts of TRMPL1 on MLIV. Lysosomes are important in maintaining healthy cells, however, with the absence of lysosomal TRP channel TRPML1 then the lysosomal pH becomes more acidic because of the calcium leakage; hence, this makes lysosomes more sensitive to fusing, and due to being near exocytosis regulating secretory granules in polarized secretory cells, phagocytosis occurs between the two organelles to create a larger organelle. This enlargement fusion…

Eukaryotic cells are cells whose nucleus is bound by a membrane; these cells contain organelles, which are structures each enclosed within its own membrane found only in eukaryotic cells, each organelle has a specific function inside a cell. One type of organelle is a lysosome, which are the organelles that dispose of waste and toxins. Lysosomes are fluid filled sacks which range in size from 0.1 to 1.2 micrometres and contain around fifty degradative enzymes that enable it to effectively…

Did you know that whenever you smell something, it triggers your senses, and the brain? There are five senses, and one is smell. The brain is a important organ in our body, it tells our body what to do, and what to not do. The person who studied the senses was Linda B. Buck, and the people who studied the brain was the Egyptians. Your senses let you know what is going on around you. The brain is the control center of the body. All information we have about prehistoric cultures comes from…

of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) early on in the progression of the disease (Okada et…