Additionally GLPP-1 receptor agonist treatment has shown reduction in the occurrences of hypoglycemia when chosen as a mode of treatment. Clinical trials were extensively conducted for about 84 weeks. In Comparison with Insulin Glargine, Exenatide QW lowered A1C level significantly…
unfortunately, two thirds of this population are between 12 and 17 years old (Sofuoglu, Sugarman & Carroll, 2010). Marijuana contains an active ingredient, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) which alters the human central reward pathway by stimulating cannaboid receptors in the place of anandamide, a hormone of the endocannabinoid system, ultimately causing a sense of euphoria, a common attribute of other abused…
My research interests are focused on molecular mechanisms of memory formation during infancy. I’m very interested in exploring how experiences during infancy results in hippocampal long-lasting changes, which influence adult behavior. Traumatic early life experiences can predispose individuals to psychopathologies, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), borderline personality disorder, addiction, depression and anxiety1-4. Paradoxically, episodic memories formed during infancy are…
This essay illustrates the classification of antagonists according to their characteristics. The classification of antagonists is divided into two main categories, receptor antagonists and non-receptor antagonists. In receptor antagonists, it would be divided into competitive antagonists and non-competitive antagonists. In non-receptor antagonists, divided into chemical antagonists and physiological antagonists. In different categories, there are different examples to support the feature of the…
coming off. Ibogaine acts on almost all receptors in the brain, but primarily the…
Legendary musician Bob Marley once said, “Herb is the healing of a nation, alcohol is the destruction.” Bob Marley believed that smoking marijuana opened up a spiritual gateway leading him to become one of the greatest musicians and poets to live. A lot of people other than Bob believe that marijuana can be the answer to a lot of the world's problems. Many cannabis users today argue for the legalization of medicinal and recreational use of marijuana. Marijuana is shown to help with many…
C22H32O4 Molecular Mass: 360.48708 g/mol LD50 (Lethal Dose): Unknown. May be similar to CBG, 300mg/kg for mice. (Compare to Nicotine for rats – 50mg/kg) Therapeutic Uses: Analgesic Antibacterial Anti-inflammatory Anti-proliferative (inhibits cancer cell growth) Cannabigerollic acid (CBGa) makes all other medicinal effects of cannabis possible. Through different types of biosynthesis it becomes THCa/THC, CBDa/CBD, CBCa/CBC and CBG. CBGa can be thought of as the building block cannabinoid.…
Albuterol is an adrenergic receptor agonist with pharmacological properties and therapeutic indications similar to terbutaline. The mechanism of the anti-asthmatic action of adrenergic receptor agonists is without a doubt linked to the direct relaxation of airway smooth muscle and the bronchodilator. Although human bronchial smooth muscle receives little or no sympathetic stoppage, it contains large numbers of adrenergic receptors. When the adrenergic receptors activate the adenylyl cyclase…
G-protein coupled receptors are found in eukaryotes, and are encoded by around 1-3% of the genes in the genome. In this essay I will discuss the general structure and model of activation of GPCRs, as well as how this model has been realised, through the study of bacteriorhodopsin, a homology model of GPCRs. There are many examples of GPCRs illustrating how GPCRs can have a wide range of cellular consequences and I will discuss how the activation of rhodopsin, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors,…
There are many ligands that made up the chemokine receptor CXCR3 for the successful mediation of gene transcription. These ligands include the following CXCL 11, CXCL 10, and CXCL 9. DNA purification (Mini prep) helps to determine the concentration of both GFP and NFkB DNA before being used to transfect both HeLa and HEK 293 cell. The purification of DNA also allows the extraction and purification of plasmid DNA. According to the data that was generated by the completion of the Mini Prep, GFP…