Systems theory

Like the title “Why Scientists Should Embrace the Liberal Arts” implies, Skorton believes embracing the liberal arts will enable scientists to communicate to the public more effectively. But before we dives into how Skorton delivers his message persuasively, we need to identify his target audiences first. To start off, by publishing this essay on Scientific American under the category of science, Skorton is targeting at scientists and science enthusiasts since Scientific American is a popular…

Briefly speaking about each of the parts, the first one presents the reasoning for social physics, attributing to the themes of social exploration (Chapter 2), idea flow (Chapter 3), and engagement (Chapter 4). The author starts with the explanation how social exploration is deeply connected with the diversity of ideas and social learning, the combination of which is the only way which leads to any innovation. Pentland advocates the “wisdom of the crowd” judgment in contrast to individual…

What is epistemology? In laymen’s terms, it is the study of knowledge and if its formal definition is given, according to Oxford dictionary, it is the study of knowledge, in regards to its method, validity, and scope. It is the investigation of what distinguishes justified beliefs and pure opinion (“Epistemology”). What does it really mean outside of its textbook meaning? Carl Sagan helps readers understand it in his book, The Demon-Haunted World: Science as a Candle in the Dark, through one of…

Occam Razor refers to a theory. The main idea of this theory is there is no need to waste excessive resources to research or judge something since fewer resources may also help to reach an ideal result (Sartre, 2003). In the management field, through applying Occam Razor theory, the company would learn to use the most efficient team instead of the team composed of the most employees. In the philosophy field, this theory means people should view the world in the most convenient…

Every even has a cause. This fact is known as determinism. (Sider, 113) Determinism offers a theoretical explanation of how events occur. It refutes the theory of free will which states that people are in control of the decisions they make. Sider, being a proponent of determinism, argues that people’s belief in determinism is reasonable since the success of science is quite evident. All technological innovations owe their existence to science that is able to explain all things observed by human…

reasoning as part of the Scientific Method. The importance of the Scientific Method is that the method attempts to minimize the influence of bias or prejudice in the experimenter. The Scientific Method also allows for one to prove or disprove a theory or hypothesis. it allows for results from an experiment to be repeated or validated. The Scientific Method is a standardized method for proving or disproving an…

Since the dawn of our creation, the decision to choose between good and evil has been the most vital decision of all time, but what ultimately controls our decisions? Can we explain any decisions we make? This question has been at the core of the social sciences since they first came about. Those in opposition to the social sciences claim free will is the moral choices you make everyday to say yes and no to good and evil. On the other hand, social scientists argue, if you can bring science to…

The scientific method is the tool that scientist have used through the human history to understand how many phenomena occur in the in the universe. However, the universe can be complex to be recorded in some cases, for example, how a body is affected when it suffers the speed of the light could be hardly testable. This complexity makes the scientists use their instinct and abilities at the time they applied the scientific method. In addition, an absolute truth cannot be obtained. The universe…

suggest you not to pay for the “ghost removal”. First of all, Geistology is not a real theory so far. In science, according to 2nd Law of Theory Acceptance, which says that in order to become accepted, a theory is assessed by the method actually employed at the time1, Geistology is not using any method that is employed by people nowadays in order to become accepted. Although the scientists may attempt to make the theory accepted, there is still a…

Science, Food and Beyond in Michael Pollan’s “Unhappy Meals” “Eat food. Not too much. Mostly plants” is the opening statement in Michael Pollan’s article “Unhappy Meals” (Pollan 1). In this article Pollan presents to the reader a new standpoint on what food really is. Pollan’s main argument is that nowadays nutrition has stopped being about whole foods, and is all about nutrients like vitamins and carbs. New terms like “fiber” and “cholesterol” replacing…