Synovial joint

four muscles make up the musculotendinous cuff. First, the supraspinatus muscle originates on the supraspinous fossa of scapula to insert on the superior part of the greater tubercle of humerus. It stabilizes and initiates abduction of the shoulder joint. Next is the infraspinatus fossa which originates on the infraspinatus fossa of scapula to insert on the posterior facets of the greater tubercle of humerus. It laterally rotates the humerus. Then, the teres minor originates from the lateral…

ACL Reconstruction is a knee surgery performed to replace the torn ACL with a piece of tendon from another part of the knee. It is commonly performed to repair the complete ACL tear – a tear in one of the major ligaments in the knee. The ACL injury that requires an ACL reconstruction commonly occurs in sports that involve sudden stops and changes in direction, and sports that involve direct contact between the players that results in a mild or severe injury. The ACL reconstruction is an…

Gamekeeper’s Thumb Reconstructive Surgical Techniques Injury to the UCL ligament of the MCP joint of the thumb can be a very common injury which can lead to long-term problems for patients if untreated. Gamekeeper’s thumb is the chronic version of this injury and Skier’s thumb is a more acute version of this injury. Gamekeeper’s thumb is a rupture of avulsion of the ulnar collateral ligament in the thumb which occurs from repetitive valgus forces to the ligament. In the medical field today…

smoothly. Arthroscopic knee surgery is the most common orthopedic procedure done in the United States so far. Arthroscopy is considered to be a surgical procedure done by an orthopedic doctor /surgeon, which they examine the internal structure of a joint and all of its’ components. It is considered to be a minimally invasive surgery, not causing much bleeding, and normally done within an outpatient setting (doctor’s office, surgical center). The reason it is done is to hopefully diminish any…

Introduction Bench Press Exercise: The bench press is a key exercise in strength and conditioning programs. It is one of the most popular exercises amongst competitive and recreational athletes. The bench press commonly measures and evaluates upper-body strength, muscle-mass, power and, in some cases, muscular endurance. The lift is typically performed lying supine on a bench using a barbell. There are several variations of the bench press exercises to include the wide-grip bench press,…

What would happen if we had no ankles? Ankles are crucial to our movement and play a huge part in moving our feet and walking. The ankle is a large joint made up of three main bones. These three main bones are the tibia, the fibula and the talus which all join together to make the ankle joint which helps control movement in your foot.The ankle contributes to a lot of lower limb stability which allows humans to run, jump and perform various other activities which require moving.The ankles…

2. Discussion: Pathophysiology How hip implant is engineered An artificial hip is also referred to as a prosthesis. A prosthesis is a mechanical device that is designed to replace a biological part of the body. Each hip implant is made up two main parts: the Acetabular component or socket replaces the acetabulum. The acetabular component is made of a metal shell with the plastic inner that provides the bearing surface. The plastic used is so tough and slick. The femoral component the stem…

Assessment: The patient has developed painful post traumatic arthritis to the left ankle. She has large osteophytes to the anterior ankle joint causing impingement and pain with active range of motion. The left ankle fracture is well healed by x-ray evaluation. The most likely diagnosis is post-traumatic osteoarthritis after an open fracture dislocation of the left ankle 20 years ago. In a fracture dislocation of the ankle, the exposed cartilage can be disrupted and lead to osteoarthritis. In…

Around 92% of all basketball players will have an ankle sprain at least one time during their playing career. Most basketball injuries are sprains, strains or contusions (muscle damage by impact) meaning the most common injured area for basketball players are either their ankle or knee. Here are the typical injuries found in basketball and what to do if they occur. Sprained Ankle One of the most frequent injuries is when a player rolls their ankle - where the sole of the foot faces inwards.…

Research In 1903, Robert Osgood, a US orthopedic surgeon, and Carl Schlatter, a Swiss surgeon, concurrently described the disease that now bears their names. They found a pattern in which teenagers who are still growing often experience knee pain and inflammation in the area just below the knee and they called it Osgood-Schlatter disease. Teens experience symptoms of this while doing athletic activities or doing some regular exercise like climbing stairs. They feel pain in their knee,…