Synovial joint

the lower half of the body, primarily using the joints in the hips, and the knees, and ankles in both legs. These joints, along with the help from many muscles, allow the necessary movements to be performed, such as plantar flexion, extension, and flexion, in order to execute backwards marching properly During the process of backwards marching, one lifts onto their toes in a fluid motion, this requires the use of the ankle joints. The ankle joint, also known as the Talocrural, is located in…

marks. He has no hepatosplenomegaly. Bowel sounds are normal and there are no bruits in the abdomen. His complete joint exam was performed and findings include the second and third PIPs of the right hand and the second PIP of the left hand which appear to be a very slightly thickened synovium. There is also some bony hypertrophy in these joints and in several of his other small joints of his hands, which leads me to believe this is all secondary to osteoarthritis from past injuries. His…

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic destructive polyarthritis. Disease progression induces the production of lesions on joints, which can cause severe damage that lead to cartilage destruction and bone erosion, and eventually to the loss of joint functions [1, 2]. The synovial fluid and the serum of RA patients contain high levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) [3, 4]. The high levels of TNF-α are produced mainly by…

progresses, however, the patient will probably notice that there is stiffness in the joint or joints, with pain and tenderness in the affected areas. According to Cojocaru, Cojocaru, Silosi, Vrabie, and Tanasescu (2010), the number of joints rheumatoid arthritis affects is highly variable, but it, unfortunately,…

when she was going upstairs and her knee popped causing sharp pain. As per Omni, the patient was diagnosed with left knee patellar chondromalacia, medial synovial plica and torn medial meniscus. Patient is status post left knee arthroscopic partial medial meniscectomy, patella chondroplasty, medial femoral condyle chondroplasty and excision of synovial medial plica in 10/18/2013. IW was deemed P & S on 06/15/15 with 1% whole person impairment rating. Per the PT note dated 02/05/14, the patient…

on gout and you have well described the symptoms and pathophysiology. I did not know much about this topic and very interested to know that gout is a form of arthritis caused by monosodium urate crystal deposition in and around a joints(Vannuchi 2012). Clinically significant hyperuricemia is serum urate level > 6.8 mg/dL (404 mcmol/L) due to likelihood of urate crystal deposition when urate concentrations > 6.8 mg/dL (404 mcmol/L) (Burbage 2014). Literature review shows…

The joints in a human body are the essential parts dependable for the cause of a movement. It's that region of the physique where two bones meet, to enable actions to the complete physique. Arthralgia or joint agony, as is typically recognized is the designated, which outcome from some injury or agony in and across the joints. The joints delivering for the action amenities in human are particularly sensitive to external accidents, which usually result in intent immense anguish. From our study…

disease that targets synovial tissues, cartilage and bone (Smolen & Keystone, 2012). In an autoimmune disease, the immune system mistakes the body's own cells for invaders and attacks healthy cells and organs instead of pathogens (Spriggs, 2014). The two long bones of the forearm, the radius and the ulna, are connected through the radioulnar joint, a joint that is divided into a proximal and a distal half (Savvidou, Murphy, Mailhot, Shushan, Scheker, 2013). The distal half is the joint that…

The extensor halluces longus (synergist) originates as a muscle in the middle section of the fibula and adjacent interosseous membrane and ends as a tendon is inserted at the dorsal base of the distal phalanx of the big toe. It is the prime mover in dorsiflexion of the big toe and assists in dorsiflexion of the foot. The extensor digitorum longus (synergist) originates in the lateral area of the tibia, proximal two-thirds of the medial surface of the fibula and adjacent interosseous membrane. It…

rheumatoid arthritis is, no one really knows for sure what the leading causes are. To have a better understanding of rheumatoid arthritis it is a disease causing homeostatic imbalances of joints. When a person is condemned to having rheumatoid arthritis the joints become very stiff, occurring especially among the joints of fingers, wrists, ankles, as well as feet. “Along with pain and swelling, its manifestations may include anemia, osteoporosis, muscle weakness, and cardiovascular…