Synapse

Beatrice Torres June 23, 2016 Breakthroughs: Biomedical Research Yishi Jin, a renowned researcher, developed a study called "Neural Development and Axon Regeneration in C. elegans". Her research revolved around axon regrowth and the restoration of mature neurons, problems that arise quite frequently as we, both, age and face unfathomable and unexpected accidents. She…

interprets sensory input and generates motor output (Marieb & Hoehn, 2013). Neurons are cells that are specialised for rapid communication. Communication between neurons occurs at junctional points, or synapses. (Kiernan & Barr, 2005). There are two types of synapses, electrical and chemical. A chemical synapse is separated by a synaptic cleft, a space filled with interstitial fluid. In response to a nerve impulse, a neurotransmitter is released into the synaptic cleft that binds to the…

a normal light-dark cycle, vision remained the same, but also, hearing improved. For the mice placed in darkness, the tested neurons fired faster in response to auditory stimuli and could discriminate sounds better. These mice also developed more synapses between the thalamus and the auditory cortex. The cortex is an advanced sensory processing centre. The fact that neural connections developed in this area suggests that it might…

different parts of the cells. The neuron sends the signal that the mother has disappeared from the soma down the axon. The axon then sends the impulse out the axon terminals through the synapses, the space between neurons. The impulse gets released as a chemical substance, called a neurotransmitter, through the synapse and the receiving neuron gets the signal through the dendrites. When the brain finally receives the impulse to the right part of the brain, it realizes that mom is gone and starts…

A Glial Cell is a non-neuronal cell that maintains homeostasis from myelin and it also provides support and it provides protection from neurons in the central nervous system. Glial cells also provide support and protection for neurons in the peripheral nervous system. Glial cells are known as being in large quantities in the central nervous system. Glial cells are very different form nerve cells. They differ in the way that they do not participate in synaptic interactions and electrical…

problems those with autism face: the poor communication and inability to interact with the rest of the world. Preferring to be alone and focus on what they want to, lending their concentration to clear topics that interest them. The over stimulated synapses in the brain, as well as the enlarged hippocampus and amygdala provide physical evidence of autism. However, this presents the problem of treatment for physical problems in the brain. Autism therefore can only be managed, not…

slower and harder than an average person.This makes them not be able to learn and develop as quickly as usual. More than likely, they are capable of learning anything, it just may take longer to grasp the concept of it (Autism involves too many brain synapses). Altogether, these children have a very positive impact on life and can be very smart. Overall, autistic children have an amazing sense on life and will continue to throughout their whole life. Autism affects people throughout their…

Neurotransmitters are the chemical messengers’ comprising of multiple endogenous chemicals allowing neurotransmission across synapses. During the neurotransmission a chemical is released from the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron fabricating millions of synaptic connections that play a major role in modelling everyday activities. Through the process of staining and stimulations in experiments, researchers have now identified more than 100 unique chemical messenger types which can further be…

The retinal photoreceptors and retinal ganglion are only a couple of synapse distant apart but the responses from the ganglion cells are more diverse than the ones observed from the photoreceptor (1). The bipolar cells serve as a direct pathway linking the ganglion cells and the photoreceptors. Bipolar cells are retinal interneurons that have two protrusions, one that goes up and one that goes down. This structure layout is an indicator of the cells function, they link the inner and outer retina…

Synaptic pruning is a process in which the brain prunes out unnecessary synapse. New synapse develops when an adolescent learns new skills (Development of the Young Brain). When adolescents text, they are able to control what they say but in face-to-face conversations teens are not able to control what they say or how they act. Therefore…