Surfactant

Abstract A spontaneous, one-pot strategy for the room temperature biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using Cocos Nucifera Linn (coconut palm) coir extract is described. The formation of AuNPs was observed within 30s of reaction time between the metal precursor and coir extract. The bioextract acted as both reducing agent and a stabilizer. The influence of various experimental parameters such as % volume fraction of coir extract, concentration of metal precursor, contact time and solution…

average of 20 million liters of water are forced under pressure into each well, combined with large volumes of sand and other materials to help keep the fissures open, and 200,000 liters of acids, biocides, scale inhibitors, friction reducers and surfactants. The fracking of a conventional well uses at most 1 to 2% of the volume of water used to extract shale…

Where P is the permeability coefficient, Q is the amount of permeant passing through the material, x is the thickness of the plastic film, A is the surface area available for mass transfer, t is the time, and ∆p is the change in permeant partial pressure across the film. Hence the permeability coefficient (P) is the proportionality constant between the flow of the penetrant gas per unit film area per unit time and the driving force (partial pressure difference) per unit film thickness. The…

As a rule, the gill area is greater in fast-moving crabs (Portunids) than in sluggish bottom dwellers; decreases progressively from wholly aquatic, to intertidal, to land species; and is greater in young crabs than in older crabs. Often the gills are enclosed in protective chambers, and ventilation is provided by specialized appendages that create the respiratory current. As in cephalopod mollusks, oxygen utilization is relatively high—up to 70 percent of the oxygen is extracted from the water…

1.1 General consideration Monitoring of different Clinical Research enables research ethics boards to ensure that, the standards that they approve in theory are being applied in practice [1] [2]. It has been suggested that such review has to be performed regularly and that it include monitoring of a variety of aspects of research, such as the consent process, adherence to the approved protocol and data integrity [1] [3]. 1. Weijer C, Shapiro S, Fuks A, Glass KC, Skrutkowska M. Monitoring…

properties and open up a broad range of novel application perspectives. Non-covalent or covalent functionalization of CNTs can enhance their compatibility and solubility. The non-covalent functionalization of CNTs includes non-covalent coating with surfactants, surface wrapping with long polymer chains, non-covalent adsorption of non-charged polymer chains, etc. the advantage of non-covalent functionalization is that the structure and original properties of CNTs are not changed after…

Emulsion Independent Research Project A combined effort of Timothy Chase Willard and Marcus Bortey of Mr. Cork’s Second Period chemistry class December sixteenth of 2014  Background Information An emulsion is a mixture of two or more chemicals in liquid form with no mutual solubility. Emulsions are part of two-systems of matter called colloids. Colloids are particles that cannot be seen without the use of a microscope, but are larger than the size of the individual molecules involved in the…

New method of synthesis of oligoetherols with carbazole ring Renata Lubczak Abstract: The new method of synthesis of multifuntional oligoetherols with carbazole ring suitable for obtaining the polyurethane foams of enhanced thermal resistance was presented. At the first step of the synthesis the carbazole was reacted with excess glycidol to obtain the product of (n +1) functionality, where n is number of equivalents of glycidol reacted with carbazole. Carbazole reacts with glycidol without…

2.1. Artificial Insemination (AI) : Development of techniques for successful. .freezing of spermatozoa has progressively evolved over the. . Past 60 years (Kucuk et al., 2014). At the starting of 20th century Ivanov started studying on artificial insemination (AI) of sheep’s, where Ivanov’s .studies on extenders and reproduction resulted in the development and the practical application of AI in farm animals, reviewed by (Bohlooli et al., 2012). AI provides. .many advantages to farmers and…

INTRODUCTION Oral Controlled Release Drug Delivery Systems1, 2: Oral controlled release drug delivery is a drug delivery system that provides*give the continuous oral delivery of drugs at predictable and reproducible kinetics for a predetermined period throughout the course of GI transit and also the system that target the delivery of a drug to a specific region within the GI tract for either local or systemic action. All the pharmaceutical products formulated for systemic delivery via*throw…