Supercontinent

The continents were once part of a single landmass called Pangaea but then a force caused the continents to move them apart. The first piece of evidence used for this theory was that Africa and South America fitted together like it was a jigsaw puzzle. The next piece of evidence was that in South America and Africa there are fossils found in rocks of the same age and type. Additionally, in those two landmasses, there are corresponding early mammal fossils found. Again, there are identical…

The Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Asthenosphere, and Lithosphere, or, as more colloquially known, the five layers of the Earth. Although each layer is important, each living thing resides on the Lithosphere, which happens to rest on the Asthenosphere, the upper part of the Mantle. Forces caused by these two layers both contribute to the theory of Plate Tectonics, which happens to be interconnected to Earthquakes and Volcanoes. Without Plate Tectonics, the other two occurrences simply cannot…

Australia’s natural environment is NOT unique. This is a statement to which I determinedly accept may be not correct. Australia has numerous extraordinary elements which different nations do not possess. Australia deserves to be known as one of the most biologically diverse countries on the planet. It is home to more than one million classifications of plants and creatures, a considerable lot of which are discovered no place else on the planet, remarkable and impressively unique landforms and…

Natural selection is a key mechanism of the evolutionary process and relates to the occurrence of certain traits within a population and they way in which these traits affect the survival and reproductive success of an organism. Organisms need to be able to adapt to their environment in order to survive and reproduce. Any advantageous traits that occur within a population increase an individual’s chance of survival, thus resulting in the organism producing more offspring than those who have not…

Pangea! It was the supercontinent that existed about 300 million years ago. According to Alfred Wegener’s theory, long before us humans existed all of the continents used to be one large landmass. Who is Alfred Wegener you might ask? Alfred Wegener was a German polar researcher, geophysicist, and meteorologist born in Berlin on November 1, 1880. I chose to research about Alfred Wegener’s life and his struggles because we are currently focusing on the continental drift theory in science class. He…

Standing on what was once a piece of oceanic crust, laid down in the Ordovician period 450 million years ago, I was captured by the astounding power behind the forces that had moved this exact piece of crust over exceptionally long periods of time to be situated inland, adjacent to a river, to where it is in the present day. Taking on Geology was a decision I made based on my thorough enjoyment and fascination of the physical aspect of geography at GCSE, particularly learning about volcanoes,…

Neotectonics in Australia. Abstract The cratons of the world that are located at a distance from plate boundaries are considered to be stable tectonically, but in real sense, they are subjected to regular disturbance that are less persistence and also of lesser magnitude than those that lies near plate boundaries, Nonetheless their manifestation can be seen in landscape. Neotectonics are post Miocene tectonic deformation on the earth surface. Its evidence takes expression in form of recent…

Recombinant DNA is genetically engineered DNA that is formed by splicing fragments of DNA. Organismal cloning is the artificial creation of a new organism that is genetically identical to its counterpart. DNA cloning is a recombinant DNA technique where cDNAs and fragments of genomic DNA are inserted into a cloning vector and maintained during growth of the host cells. Vector is an agent that transfers genetic material into a cell or organism. Restriction enzymes are bacterial enzymes that find…

mass extinction causing 95% of species living in the ocean to die (Cort, 2006). To paint a picture of the Permian into your mind, forget all you learned in grade 8 geography class; all the continents we know today were stuck together, forming a supercontinent called Pangaea. This is a time after the Carboniferous period, a period…

It was on the unforgettable day of March 11, 2011 that nineteen thousand people perished in a catastrophic event known as the Japanese tsunami. The assertion made by Aaron Kong, "It is human action and not nature that should be blamed for the destruction of our world and the suffering and death of so many people everywhere," is partly correct in the sense that humans are indeed responsible for the misery of many people. However, humans are not completely to blame because nature also plays a…