1-[Cyano(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]cycloalkanol (VF-I) synthesized through the reaction of p-methoxyphenylacetonitrile and cyclohexanone using aq. NaOH and tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate as PTC. NaBH4 and CoCl2 in 2:1 THF: H2O used for the reduction of VF-I to obtain 1-(2-amino-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl)cyclohexanol (VF-II). Further, venlafaxine derivative of the amino acid -carboxamide (VFCA-I toVII ) synthesized through coupling of N-Phthaloyl amino acid chloride derivative (2a-2g-…
INTRODUCTION Background The macrocyclic organic molecules Phthalocyanines (1) which are comparable to the naturally occurring porphyrin (2) ring systems shown in (Figure 1). The porphyrin molecule consists up of four pyrrole subunits which are associated in n-conjugation by methine carbons. 1 2 Figure 1: structures of phthalocyanine and porphyrins molcule The compound…
The role of oxysterols in human body and disease 1. Introduction Oxysterols are 27-carbon derivatives of cholesterol created by spontaneous or enzymatic oxidation (Figure 1, (Brown and Jessup, 2009)). The oxidation of cholesterol occurs either on the side chain or on the sterol core. Side chain oxidation generates, e.g., 24-hydroxycholesterol (24-HC), 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC) or 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-HC) while the core oxidation gives rise to ring oxysterols, mostly ring-B oxysterols,…
METHODS OF PRODUCTION Formaldehyde is known to be one of the most reactive organic compounds. It can be produced by various reactions. It can produced by methods such as: Methanol undergoes an oxidation reaction in the presence of catalysts, ethyl-alcohol, coal gas, ethylene, methane, glycol, glycerin, and carbon…
The goal of this lab was to conduct the reaction of 2-methyl-2-butanol with HCl to form 2-chloro-2-methylbutane, and to understand Sn1 and Sn2 reactions, in terms of how they are different and why one is more likely to happen over the other. The OH group in 2-methl-2-butanol is attached to a tertiary Carbon, meaning the reaction should occur via Sn1, a two-step reaction, and Cl should replace the OH group, to form a tertiary halide. HCl was added to 2-methyl-2-butanol and then several…
Alcohol plays too much of significant a role in our society today and should be an after thought as opposed to the most crucial inclusion to any social gathering. Alcohol creates a large amount of social, economic, and health problems that very easily could be stopped, if it played a less influential role in our everyday events. The use of alcohol is easily seen in, but not limited to, many social groups that include family get-togethers, students, and religious gatherings; the list can go on.…
Have you ever wonder who discovered Alcohol. It is my guest that each culture in the world has its very own story. Whatever the story the effects of alcohol abuse are the same. The word alcohol comes from the Arabic word “al-kohl.” The word alcohol was used during that time to describe a type of eyeliner that women tin the Middle ease wore before it became a drink (1). Since that time alcohol is made all over the world by individuals, large and small groups because of the easy and simple…
what is alcohol? Is it a drug, medicine, or a beverage? Alcohol is known as a depressant. It messes with your ability to react with movement, your speech, and your ability to speak. In other words it’s a drug that affects a person’s mind to think rationally and distorts his/her judgements. Alcohol is a drug because it messes up with your thoughts and just like any other drug, it’s easy to get ahold of it. It’s not injected nor smoked, but consumed as a liquid. There’s different types of alcohol…
from things like a broken leg to simply having to apply stitches to a wound. These are all accidental situations and cannot always be helped, but what should the NHS do when a patient comes in with a condition that they could have prevented such as alcohol abuse, obesity, drug addiction etc. Should the NHS have to treat patients who could have prevented their condition? I will be looking at the argument from both sides and sharing my view on this topic. The NHS (or National Health Care service)…
Synthesis of reactive iron Chemical reduction method of Ferric chloride by sodium borohydride following reaction (Eq.1), was used to synthesize ZVI [14]. 〖2FeCl〗_3+〖6NaBH〗_4+〖18H〗_2 O→〖2Fe〗^0+〖21H〗_2+〖6B(OH)〗_3+6NaCl (1) Ferric chloride hexahydrate solution was prepared by dissolving 5 g of FeCl_3.H_2 O (99.0%, Junsei Chemical Co., Japan) in 125 mL of deoxygenated deionized (DI) water. Moreover, 3.5 g of Sodium borohydride (NaBH_4, 98.0%, Sigma–Aldrich Inc., USA) were dissolved in 125 mL…