Substantia nigra

Dissociative and personality disorders are common among the realm of patients who experience mental illness. These is often associated with a sense of being detached from oneself, perception of people and things being distorted, having a blurred sense of identity, having dysfunctional relationships, or being emotionally unstable. Unlike borderline personality disorder, however, dissociative identity disorder is quite rare. Dissociative identity disorder (DID), formally known as multiple…

American University of Beirut (AUB) Faculty of Engineering and Architecture (FEA) Department of Electrical Engineering Biomedical Engineering Seminar (EECE 401) Prof. Nassir Hussni Sabah Assignment 1 Seminar on Birdsong Waddah Malaeb Mechanical Engineering 201204320 wam13@mail.aub.edu 1. Describe the neuronal pathway involved in vocalization of bird song. In the above figure shown, in blue is the vocal motor output pathway, where the signal begins in the HVc (High vocal center) which…

Parkinson’s disease Parkinson 's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative brain disorder that effects an individuals’ movement. It is both chronic, meaning it will continue over a long period of time and progressive, meaning its symptoms will become worse over time. Approximately one million adults in the USA are thought to live with Parkinson 's disease. Researchers believe that the disease may be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Scientists have discovered some genetic…

Parkinson’s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder; it is responsible for the loss of dompaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (Kakkar, Bae). Nearly five million people are affected worldwide and around one million are affected in the United States alone (Kakkar). The symptoms vary from motor symptoms, bradykinesia, muscular ridgity, resting tremor, and postural impairment, to non-motor, depression and anxiety (Kakkar). Early indicators of the disease are usually…

Neurodegenerative diseases are distinguished by progressive neuronal cell loss with clear patterns in disparate disorders such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson and Huntington’s. They are responsible for around 4% of fatalities worldwide and 5% of disability-adjusted life years from a non-communicable disease (NCD). Neurodegenerative disorders are not only caused by genetics but protein misfolding disorders and protein degradation by the proteasome system. These disorders continue to increase as well as…

CHAPTER 2 – ANIMAL MODELS 5. Animal models: 5.a. Neurotoxic Models: 5.a.1. 6- Hydroxydopamine model: One of the most frequently used toxin-based animal model is 6-OHDA. It was first isolated in 1950. It is frequently used in rats. It shows affinity for catecholaminergic transporter. For example, norepinephrine transporter and dopamine transporter. Though the structure of 6-OHDA is similar to dopamine but the existence of excess amount of hydroxyl group makes it toxic to dopaminergic neurons.…

Methamphetamine and its Effects on the Body and Brain Methamphetamine (n-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-2-amine) has a molecular weight of 149.237 g/mol and is an addictive man-made stimulant affecting the central nervous system (Methamphetamines: An Overview, n.d.). There are two different types of methamphetamine: l-meth (Levo-methamphetamine), and d-meth (Dextro-methamphetamine), which is the more common form. It is 2 to 10 times as physiologically active as l-meth (Crystal Meth Facts, n.d.).…

Dementia is defined as a group of symptoms affecting memory, thinking, and social abilities severely enough to interfere with daily functioning (Mayo, 2016). This disease is so much more than normal age-related changes. Dementia itself is not a disease, but a general term for loss of memory and other mental abilities that impact daily life. Diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Lewy body Dementia, Vascular Dementia, and Parkinson’s Disease, are a few examples of diseases that cause dementia. Education…

Aurora Club - Clinical Log #2 I. Description of the Day Groups and/or Experiences The day began with a tour of the Aurora club and general information about the services the Aurora club provides. I learned that the Aurora club is a social rehabilitation program designed to provide social support, teach life skills, and promote independence, for individuals with mental illness in the surrounding area. It has many services, including a full kitchen, a washer and dryer, exercise equipment, games,…

The reminiscence of the previous day flashes in the brain, yet she knows nothing of the preceding day. Walking through an unfamiliar home and seeing all these photos of a familiar face amongst many unknown faces, this is what it is like to wake up as a person who has dementia. When people first started to recognise dementia they called it senility and then later on the name changed to dementia (“Types of Dementia”). Many people believe that they understand the definition of dementia, but the…