Subcutaneous tissue

intensity is defined as the mean pixel intensity in the muscle and is determined by gray scale analysis using B-mode ultrasonography (US; Watanabe et al., 2013). Lean muscle has low echogenicity while muscle with higher amounts of fibrous and adipose tissue has higher echo intensity values (Goodpaster et al., 2001). Current research is focusing on creating algorithms to determine percent intramuscular fat based off of EI values (Young et al., 2015). This will make EI measurements between studies…

encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed in our body to form a functional heterotetrameric insulin receptor. In mammals INSR gene can contain an additional exon 11 which may get encoded to form the IR isoform B or may be skipped in a tissue-specific manner forming the IR isoform A. This contributes to the major functional difference between the two isoforms, such that isoform A has more affinity for IGF-2. (1) Occurrence Insulin receptor occurs in the plasma membrane of a…

Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary, Skeletal and Muscular, Systems BY: ANTHONY SALEM Integumentary System  The Integumentary System is composed of Skin and accessory Organs such as hair, nails, and Cutaneous Glands  Largest Organ!  Skin weighs about six pounds and sheds every 27 days Integumentary Cont. Functions of skin • Works to waterproof body (Keratin, a fibrous protein aids in this) • Acts as a cushion and protects body from infection • Excretes waste • Regulates…

2.13.3. Isolation and identification of IBDV: Isolation of IBDV in chicken embryos: For initial isolation of IBDV the CAM was more sensitive route than the yolk and allantoic sac routes. Gross lesions observed in embryo were edematous distention of the abdominal region, cutaneous congestion and petechial hemorrhages, particularly along feather tracts, occasional hemorrhages on toe joints and in cerebral region, mottled-necrosis and ecchymotic hemorrhages in the liver (latter stages) pales…

aureus if a very harmful bacterium that can create cellulitis, which is the subcutaneous tissue and skin inflamed. The skin becomes warm to the touch, red, painful and very swollen. This condition if untreated can lead to endocarditis or septicemia, which both can be life-threatening. A fun fact is that staph aureus is found in one-quarter…

As I have mentioned in my previous posts, I have atrophic scars – some rolling scars on my left cheek and more box scars while on my right, few box scars and more ice pick scars. I guess I’m just lucky to have them all on my face. :/ Three weeks ago, I decided to have Fraxel done. Right after the procedure, I felt that the pits were really raised to the surface but I was not sure as it could be just the effect of having a swollen face. Truly, it was. After the scabs fell off completely (on day…

supinator, brachioradialis, extensor pollicis longus, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, and extensor digitorum muscles, so you can injure the nerve without experiencing any sensor loss (Starkey, et al., 2011). 21. Subcutaneous olecranon bursa a. The subcutaneous olecranon bursa is located between the olecranon process and the skin, and is very susceptible to trauma and infection (Starkey, et al., 2011). 22. Subtendinous olecranon bursa a. The subtendinous olecranon bursa is…

pulse. The sound waves cause vibrations in the tissue which increases heat and causes a warming effect. This warming effect encourages healing in the tissues by increasing blood flow, reducing muscle spasms, and promoting healing with the production of collagen which is found in ligaments and tendons. (Ultrasound Therapy). Hyperemia, also known as increased blood flow, is one of the distinct benefits of ultrasound use in therapy because it heats the tissue to approximately 45 degrees Celsius.…

40s, which can be good only if one has too oily skin. On the contrary,it also indicates the necessity of a skin friendly moisturiser to replenish moisture loss. Herbal moisturisers that are mild,soothing and safe are advisable. Loss of fat in the subcutaneous stratum makes the skin feeble it continues to lose its elasticity. What to do? • Practice exfoliating on a regular basis with a scrub. Not too much though! Twice a week should be enough. It must be a mild scrub. Sugar scrub is a fantastic…

The incidence of atrial fibrillation increases with age which can causes serious problems in older people, leading to stroke and/or heart failure. Risk factors include hypertension, previous ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack or other thromboembolic event, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, heart failure, and mitral valve disease (Holding et al., 2009). In addition to advanced age, patients that are obese, of the Caucasian race, or have a history of excessive alcohol use are at…