Striatum

A major region of the forebrain sensory-motor apparatus is affected, including the frontal and parietal cortex and/or subcortical structures in the striatum and thalamus. This causes deficits in motor function in the contralateral musculature. However, substantial spontaneous recovery occurs in the weeks to months following injury. The development of properties of each cortical area is shaped by repetitive…

parts of the brain, but it has the largest effect on the substantia nigra. This part of the brain is by the base of the brain. • Dopamine is created in this area. After the dopamine is created it goes to the next part of the brain termed corpus striatum which is creates movement that is steady and continuous. • Without dopamine it causes the movement function to deteriorate. • It takes a while for symptoms to appear. Over half of the cells that make dopamine are gone before any symptoms…

Hallucinogens are a chemical substance that causes hallucinations. Hallucinations, derived from Latin, álucinari, means to ‘wander in the mind.’ Hallucinations includes all sensory perceptions whether real or not. Psychedelics, Greek derived, translates to ‘soul and mind manifesting’ and are a class of hallucinogens that are useful tools in gaining understanding of how the brain, mind and body works. The study is complex and requires a broad and deep knowledge of the various mechanisms and…

Abstract Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder known as ADHD is a prominent behavioral disorder defined as ongoing and increased levels of inattention hyperactivity and/or impulsivity. The primary goal of this paper is to review the current research. This review will be exhaustive in nature and consist of a description with a focus on sex and age differences, the neural pathology focusing on the abnormal brain structure and function of ADHD patients, etiology with a focus on genetic and…

Cognitive psychology and learning Any account of belief and belief-forming processes must take into consideration a salient feature of all belief formation: bias. As J. Lauwereyn’s book The Anatomy of Bias: How Neural Circuits Weigh the Options argues, bias is a fundamental constraint in the production and maintenance of many veridical beliefs. What is important for her, however, is that we acknowledge this bias and qualify it as good or bad in terms of its role in decision making. Lauwereyn,…

Killing Lincoln is a vivid retelling of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln written by Bill O’Reilly and Martin Dugard. They detail the assassination from multiple viewpoints, including that of the president and his assassin. It could serve as a useful tool for scholars because the information is presented in a clear, chronological format, collected from multiple resources, and addresses some of the speculation and conspiracies surrounding this heinous act. It is written by two authors: Bill…

Vascular dementia is defined by Zhong et al. (2016) as a general dementia caused by a series of cerebral vascular factors such as ischemic cerebral vascular disease. The dementia is very similar to Alzheimer’s disease and they share some symptoms such as impaired memory and cognitive function. Some of the non-cognitive symptoms of vascular dementia include tinnitus, sleeping disorder, numbness of the extremities, and emotion changes. Calabrese et al. (2016) believes there are two principal…

Some students post highly inappropriate content such as pornography on social media. This has defeated the entire purpose of the medium altogether. Social media is very effective for students to make friends and advance their education; however, there are numerous disadvantages as well. The true challenge lies in addressing these issues and ensuring that the benefits can create the necessary impact. The perspective from the research completed by Chou et al. (2009) states that in some cases…

Background and Significance What is Social Anxiety Disorder? Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is one of the most common health disorder after depression and substance abuse and affects about 10 million Americans. This phobia is an anxiety disorder and individuals with this disorder experience intense distress in public settings. These individuals experience high levels of panic in seemingly “normal” social situations1. These social situations include public speaking,…

Treatment of co-morbid alcoholism and PTSD in veterans ? comparison with other drug dependencies 11-15-16 Loggins, K., Gutierrez, C.A., PharmD, Wilcox, R.E., PhD.* Target: Journal of Addiction and Preventive Medicine ABSTRACT Combat instigated PTSD is one of the more complicated psychological conditions that occur in the modern world. To add to the complications of treatment, PTSD is often accompanied by other psychological comorbidities and substance use disorders; of which the most…