Stereochemistry

Stereochemistry 5. Introduction In this experiment, stereochemistry was explored by the isomerization of dimethyl maleate and the analysis of carvones. The isomerization was accomplished with the use of bromine, which broke the double bond to allow bond rotation. Free bond rotation allowed molecules to shift into the trans state before the double bond was reformed to create dimethyl fumarate. Weight and melting point of the crystals formed were taken for further analysis. Enantiomeric carvones were compared by odor and optical rotation for analysis. The data collected from the comparison was used to analyze the physical and chemical properties of enantiomers. 6. Data and Results Dimethyl maleate was converted to dimethyl fumarate through…

Stereochemistry conformation is how molecules are orientated in space. There are two basic types of isomers: constitutional or stereoisomers. Constitutional isomers gave the same molecular formula but different connectivity, while stereoisomers have the same connectivity but a different orientation in space. Stereoisomer has two subunits called enantiomers and diastereomers. Enantiomers are molecules that are mirror images, while diastereomers are not mirror images. Stereochemistry focus…

Introduction Stereochemistry alludes to the science that reviews the properties of stereoisomers. It can likewise be characterized as the branch of chemistry concerned about the three-dimensional course of action of particles and atoms and the impact of this on concoction responses. A critical branch of stereochemistry is the investigation of chiral atoms. Stereochemistry is otherwise called 3D science in light of the fact that the prefix "stereo-" signifies "three-dimensionality". The primary…

An object is chiral if it has a non-superimposable mirror image. Our hands are mirror images that cannot be superimposed on each other therefore they are chiral. There are objects that do have a superimposable mirror image, like a drinking glass or ball and these are known to be achiral (Morris Hein, 2013). A carbon compound needs to have four different atoms or groups attached to at least one carbon atom for it to be classified as chiral (Timberlake, 2009). Chiral compounds are also called…

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Stereochemistry (Reaction of Haloalkanes) Stereoisomers are compounds having the same molecular formula but they are different in the special arrangement. Stereoisomers fall into two main categories Geometric isomers- This is further subdivided into cis and trans isomers. Optical Isomers In this section, we will discuss the optical isomers and how their involvement in the reactions of haloalkanes. Optical Isomers Optical isomers are compounds having the same molecular formula but they differ in…

Subject: Experiment 23: Stereochemistry of the Addition of Bromine to trans-Cinnamic Acid Introduction/Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to carry out the bromination of trans-cinnamic acid, to determine the stereochemistry of the dibromide product of 2,3-dibromo-3-phenylpropanoic acid, and find out whether the reaction proceeds by the usual bromonium ion mechanism or some other mechanism. In this experiment trans-cinnamic acid was mixed with glacial acetic acid and stirred in…

What is SN2? This is a Nucleophilic Substitution reaction where there are 2 components in the rate determining step. It occurs simultaneously as bonds are made and broken at the same time. During the backside attack, a nucleophile attacks the electrophile from the back and causes an inverse in configuration. This attack causes a leaving group to leave. A transition state is formed while this reaction occurs, which is when the leaving group and nucleophile are attached at the same time. What…

In this mechanism, separation of leaving group and formation of new bond happen synchronously. Therefore, two molecular species involve with the rate determining step, and this leads to the term bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction or SN2. The rate of the SN2 reaction can be expressed by rate = K [R-LG] [Nu–]. In inorganic chemistry, this reaction also called “associative substitution” or “interchange mechanism.” The following figure illustrates the mechanism of SN2 reaction. Here,…

USING ICT IN CHEMISTRY EDUCATION LOKENDRA KUMAR OJHA Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab ojha.lokendra@gmail.com Abstract There are several topics in chemistry which required computational technique to learn and use of ICT enhance learning capacity of learner as well as facilitator. The present article deals with the use of ICT in some of the topic of chemistry. We tried to overcome from routine chalk and talk method to understand the several topic viz. stereochemistries, IUPAC…