Statistics New Zealand

Ethical Concerns Experimental design is a field whereby ethical concerns are almost always a top priority. Although most individuals see ethical norms as common sense, they often vary from culture to culture and there can be discrepancies in the interpretation even by members within a certain cultural group. Furthermore, it is vital to determine any potential ethical concerns contained within an experiment and address those concerns in order to reduce their potential impact on the results.…

Before proceeding with any statistical procedures, I conducted a preliminary analysis using descriptive statistics and frequency analysis. Both were used to assess the characteristics of the data, check for violations of assumptions underlying the statistical techniques, as well as address research specific data requirements (Pallant, 2013). Using frequency analysis, I checked the minimum, maximum, and range of the categorical variables to identify errors and address the same. Additionally, I…

Introduction to Quantitative Analysis Calvin Clark Walden University Introduction We will analyse two variables measured at different level of measurements, using descriptive statistics and graphical representation of the data. The first variable is the age of the respondent, which is a categorical variable measured on nominal scale. The other variable is the number of adults in household of the respondent, measure on ratio scale. Further, we will prepare a confidence interval for the…

MIAA showed a correlation of -0.026, meaning there is no correlation between the two variables. The statistical tests used were both a bootstrap test and a randomization hypothesis test for a correlation. Figure 1. Scatter plot and summary statistics from the sample data. This display has the time in seconds on the X-axis and the distance in miles on the Y-axis. Then, to examine if the distance traveled has any impact on the speed of the athlete, a randomization hypothesis test…

a) The exam mark, considered by itself, must be at least 45% to pass Stats 101. b) The remaining 80% of the final grade is determined by how well a person does in the test and the final exam. Plussage is used to decide whether the exam counts for 60% or 70% (and the test counts for 10% or 20%) of the final grade. Whichever of these produces the highest mark is used. a) The total times is a numeric, continuous variable therefore a dot plot and a box plot are used. The modality of the data is…

Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance (RM-ANOVA) was conducted to compare the reaction time of visual and acoustic conditions (previously shown in study phase) with new brands (not presented before)(Graph 1). Mauchly’s test showed that the assumption of sphericity had not been violated, χ2 (2) = 0.68, p = .711. Degrees of freedom were corrected using Greenhouse-Geisser estimates of sphericity ( = .98). There was a significant effect of modality type, F (2, 60) = 20.09, p < .001. Bonferroni…

Brief, Reversal Phase: A short, one week reversal back to baseline phase was utilized to strengthen the experimental design. During this time, the HRT intervention or any other interventions treatments were withdrawn. Only one week was allowed to minimize ethical concerns of removing treatment. 2nd Intervention Phase: After the short, one week reversal phase, the intervention treatment was implemented for the remaining two weeks of the study. The same HRT intervention treatments used in the…

MEDSCI 725: EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Ellynn Sy ANCOVA and More Complex Designs (Parametric Tests) Introduction Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) is most frequently used to refer to the statistical technique that combines regression and ANOVA [1]. It offers a way to obtain a more precise assessment of the effect of the experimental manipulations on the dependent variable. An ANCOVA design requires the measurement of one or more other variables. These variables are covariates, predictor, variables,…

The Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) method was used to interpolate climate characteristics at station level to spatial grids, generating both the interpolated value and the standard error estimation at each grid point. It is a localized regression based method widely used for spatial interpolation, accounting for the spatial inhomogeneity with spatially varying slopes and intercepts. At each prediction location, the GWR picks up nearby training data points and constructs a weighted…

be analyzed. Because the quality control process that existed before was to approximately 1% defect rate, new defect rate will be calculated against this value. Polaroid set control limit at 3 standard…