Statistical tests

Behavioural Ecology Comparison between the roaring rate of the red deer in Richmond Park and in wildlife R ed deer males use a deep guttural vocalization (roar) to attract females. Previous studies have correlated high roaring rates to higher reproductive success. In this study, we investigated the influence of living in a limited area such as Richmond Park (RP), with direct human contact in roaring rate of red deer. The roaring rate of three males living in RP were calculated and compared to…

treatment, an independent samples t-test was conducted for the data gathered from the participants’ recent writing test. The statistical analysis indicated that there was not a significant difference in the metaphorical language use of experiment group (M = 1.59; SD = .70) and control (M = 1.44; SD = 1.00); t (43) = .58, p = .56. Levene’s test for equality of variances was found to assume the homogeneity of variance F (1, 43) = 1.70, p = .19. The results of this test showed the participants of…

Urban trees provide a wide range of environmental, ecological, social, cultural and economic benefits. However, as natural objects, they are constantly under stress, and living in an unnatural habitat, which will primarily affect the tree crown. In this study, the Diameter at Breast Height (DBH), Crown Live Ratio (LCR), Crown Dieback (CDBK), Crown Transparency (CT), and Crown Chlorosis (CC) of trees at University of Toronto – St. George campus were assessed by field measurements and Google…

Method Participants 290 people (84 men 206 women) Ages 18-85 were are asked to complete an online survey. There were 27 black, 23 Hispanic, 213 white, and 23 that identified as other or more than one race. Materials In this study the script (see appendix A) was used as well. It’s asking that the subject participate in the study by filling out the survey. The script also states that the researcher will not be able to see the results, how long the study will take and if they decide not to…

As these two variables are continuous, the bivariable hypothesis test is crosstab. The figure~ ef{} shows the two categorical variables: The difference between democrat in control of the Upper house and if the states have or have not Death Penalty. The bars are even, because there are not difference between these two…

Question 1 Cowles and Davis (2016) discussed several factors that contributed to the adoption of the .05 level of statistical significance. The first factor discussed was the discovery that computations can be utilized to measure observational error, by and astronomer, Lambert Adolphe Quetelet. This discovery led to the development of the normal distribution curve utilized today (Cowles & Davis, 2016). Following the development of the normal distribution curve, a measure of variability known…

There are innumerous standardized tests available such as Stanford, Iowa Test of Basic Skills, and California Achievement Test. • Standardized tests scores are considered the only statistical component of an application that is common to every student. It provides a numerical indicator that assists the school admission to fairly compare candidates. • The GPA is key, though not always reliable since not every school offers the same classes (AP, Honors) and there is subjectivity in the…

values or results. In addition, all the messages were the same because we did not find any statistically significant data or results. Further tests could have been done with an increased sample size that could possibly yield at statistically significant p-value. By modifying the messages for future tests, we could be able to increase the statistical significance of the results. We could create a very bland message with all the writing the same size black and white, boring font, then we…

either the critical value or the probability value (p-value). On one hand, the critical value is a value that indicates the boundary between the critical region and the non-critical region. In this case, the critical region is a range of values of the test statistic that denotes a significant difference and that the null hypothesis should be rejected. On the other hand, the p-value denotes the likelihood of obtaining an extreme sample statistic when the null hypothesis is true. In this case, we…

Numerous research studies have been conducted by the CII and also other FEP researchers with regards to the implementation and critical importance of front end planning in project success. But there are very few studies that provide quantifiable statistical data supporting FEP adoption. CII has published data analysis for FEP data which analyses the relationship between project PDRI scores and scope definition, and project cost, schedule and change performance. Even though the it is evident that…