Startle reaction

Batch adsorption experiments Adsorption of the Pb2+ ions by the Fe3O4@GMA-AAm nanocomposite was measured from batch adsorption experiments by mixing 10 mg of adsorbent with an aqueous solution containing a predetermined concentration of Pb2+ ions (50 mL). The mixture was shaken at 200 rpm to reach equilibrium. After a specified time, the solid and liquid were separated by external magnet and the concentrations of Pb2+ ions were measured by AAS. To find the optimized pH in adsorption of Pb2+ ions…

Biodiesel production is usually expressed through the process of trans-esterification reaction. Recently, homogeneous catalysts are broadly preferred for biodiesel production in eminent scale operation. Still, they are toxic, highly flammable and corrosive in nature [1]. Boey et al. analysed the purpose of the waste cockle shell from palm olein oil in biodiesel production of Anadara granosa. At 900 °C the waste shell was calcined for 2 h that mainly compiled of 71% of Ca to develop an active…

5. SUMMARY We have derived Laplace's equation for steady-state water flow in two dimensions and have explained how the equation is solved by three Relaxation Methods: Jacobi, Gauss Siedel and Successive Over-Relaxation on a discrete 20 10 grids. The numerical method was illustrated by a Matlab programming code. 6. References [1] John D. Anderson, JR (1995). Computational Fluid Dynamics: The Basics with Applications .McGraw Hill, Inc. [2] Anderson, J.D. (1995). Computational Fluid Dynamics.…

Sterile Saline (0.9% w/v NaCl) Dissolve 9.0gm of NaCl in 1000ml water and dispense 9.0ml of the solution into 20ml test tubes. Autoclave the tubes as per the validated cycle and cool to room temperature. Sterile saline with polysorbate 80: Dissolve 9.0gm of NaCl in 1000ml water and add .5gm of tween 80 to the resulting saline solution, dispense 9.0 ml of the solution into a number of 20ml test tubes. Autoclave the tubes Preparation of Inoculums and its Standardization: 1) Take loop full of…

3.0 Hypothesis I assume that as the solution is treated with higher amount of fertilizer, the Spirulina cells will reproduce better and survive for longer time as there will be higher amount of nutrients supplied. Therefore, it is assumed that the Spirulina-concentration of the trials treated with 1.0mL fertilizer will be higher than those treated with 0.5mL or 0.0mL. Although wastewaters contain elements which are vital for the Spirulina growth, as it contain other unknown substances as well,…

Results and Discussion A. Diffusion of selected plant pigments In conducting the diffusion of 4 different kinds of treatments (distilled water, distilled water placed in boiling bath, vegetable oil, heated vegetable oil), the researchers made use of the atsuete and sugar beets. The different kinds of treatments determined how the temperature will affect the color intensity of the atsuete and sugar beets. There were 4 test tubes used in each atsuete and sugar beets with each having a…

of catalase can be determined by measuring the decrease in H2O2 concentration which is the substrate. Introduction: An enzyme is a large protein that acts as a biological catalyst which changes the rate of a reaction. It provides an active site which is an environment where a reaction can take place this is made up of amino acids. The structure and shape of the substrate, the structure and shape of an enzyme and the substance upon which the enzyme works all have to match exactly. This…

BALANCING REDOX EQUATIONS 1) Assign the Oxidation Numbers The Oxidation Number (ON) of an element is its charge. It is the number of electrons an element contains. This would be our basis on whether the element gained or lost electrons in chemical reactions. We can say that an element is in its Oxidation State when the element already has a specific ON. Unlike with our previous examples, not all equations would already reveal the ON of each element. In actuality, equations would only be…

units per kg N × 6.25, (iii) pH, (iv) temperature, and (v) time (Adler-Nissen, 1984). Generally, there is an optimum combination of both pH and temerature, where the enzyme shows the highest activity. Physicochemical conditions of the hydrolysis reaction such as temperature, pH and enzyme/substrate ratio must be adjusted to optimize the activity of the proteolytic enzyme (Kim & Wijesekara, 2010; Santos, Martins, Salas-Mellado, & Prentice, 2011). At the beginning and at the end of hydrolysis…

The zeolite XRD analysis result showed that it is 100% Clinoptilolite ─ Ca with the chemical formula Si29.04Al6.96O96.40Na1.92Ca1.57Ba0.32K0.56Mg0.72. Particle size distribution and Zeta potential for minerals have been carried out using Zeta sizer nano series (Nano ZS), Malvern, UK - Size range (nm):0.6:6000 nm and Zeta potential range (mV): (-200:200 mV) and analysis results are presented in Table 3. They The minerals were applied before planting in two separate rates ≈ 595.24 and 1190.48 5…