Standard conditions for temperature and pressure

1. It is necessary to list the experimental conditions when reporting a chromatogram because it will allow universal comparison. In the event that you want to compare your results with a colleague, the factors that can affect the results are listed and taken into consideration to get an accurate comparison. 2. The type of column used is listed, this column contains the stationary phase and the mobile phase is pumped through the column under pressure. The dimensions of the column are listed as…

absorbed in the reaction is known as endothermic. When a reaction carried out under standard condition at a of temperature 298K and 1 atm of pressure and 1 mole of water is formed it is called the starndard enthalpy of neutralisation (ΔHno). The heat (Q) released during a reaction is calculated by Q = m cp ΔT. The m is the mass of the solution, Cp the specific heat capacity of the solution and ΔT is the temperature change…

Hydrogen Sulphide 2.1.1. Physical and Chemical Properties H2S is a colourless gas characterised by a rotten gas odour which is highly toxic. It is soluble in different liquids including water and alcohols. It is typically formed under deficit oxygen conditions in the presence of organic matter and sulphate compounds (WHO, 2003). Hydrogen Sulphide is also present in the atmosphere in the range of 0.0001-0.0002 ppm though it may vary with places and therefore goes unnoticed (WHO, 1981). The table…

Cu2+ (0.10 M) │ Cu(s), E cell potential was determined to be 1.040 V while the standard E˚ cell potential was 1.10 V. In the electrochemical cell Zn (s) │Zn2+ (0.10 M) ││ Cu2+ (1.0 M) │ Cu(s) E cell potential was determined to be 1.060 V while the standard E˚ cell potential was 1.10 V. In the electrochemical cell Cu (s) │Cu2+ (0.010 M) ││ Cu2+ (1.0 M) │ Cu(s), E cell potential was determined to be 0.032 V while the standard E˚ cell potential was 0.00 V. The E cell value in the electrochemical…

exchanger tank. The PCM in this case, organic PCM paraffin, has a melting point of 17 degrees centigrade and a mass of 30kg charged in the heat exchanger tank. This energy will be released to the heat pump nocturnally or when there are poor atmospheric conditions [1]. 3.2 Experimental Components: Figure 3: Test rig layout [1]. The test rig of an IDX-ASHP system has 22 main components are shown schematically in figure1 and illustrated in table1: Component Number Component name…

the distillation. The boiling temperature is found to be 157 °C (760 torr) as the first small amount of distillate is collected. The standard vapor pressures of n-propylcyclohexane and n-propylbenzene are known are known to be 769 torr and 725 torr, respectively, at 157.3 °C. Calculate the percentage of each of the two components in the first few drops of distillate.…

Heat stress may occur to human when the controlling means for internal temperature to their body starts to fail (Health and Safety Executive, 2013). There are different contributing factors to the heat stress such as temperature, amount of work performed in heat (ambient temperature), clothing worn at work and humidity. When somebody wears protective dress to perform heavy task in hot environment, can result the heat stress due to: restricting the evaporation of sweating; heat rise in body due…

Storage is the temporary storage of high or low temperature energy for later use, bridging the gap between requirement and energy use. The storage cycle might be daily, weekly or seasonal depending on the system design requirements, and whilst the output will always be thermal, the input may be thermal or electrical. Principle 1) Sensible Heat Storage Heating a liquid or solid, without changing the phase: This method is called sensible heat storage. Temperature change depends on the amount of…

Most biochemical reactions are catalyzed by enzymes. Without enzymes, most reactions necessary for the maintenance of life would occur so slow that they would not occur at all under the regular temperature and pressure conditions (Cooper). Enzymes act as catalysts that accelerate the rates of reactions by lowering the energy of activation. In an enzymatic reaction, the substrate (which is the reactant that an enzyme acts on) binds to the active site (which is the region on the enzyme where the…

ASTM STANDARDS Short introduction – ASTM standards are consensus standards for systems, services, materials and products. ‘ASTM International’ is one of the largest voluntary standard developing organization in the world. It is a non-profit organization that provides a forum for the development and publication of international voluntary standards. There are approximately 12,575 ASTM standards that operate globally. TESTING ASTM STANDARDS- Scope- There test methods help in the determining of…