Staining

In Macbeth by Shakespeare, Macbeth is the thane of Glamis. He meets three witches who, among other things, tell him that he will become Thane of Cawdor and then King. Macbeth and his wife Lady Macbeth try to decipher the witches’ message as they do not know if they should let things go on by themselves or kill Duncan. They devise that they are going to kill Duncan. Macbeth then follows through, killing Duncan while Lady Macbeth incriminates those who were sleeping in Duncan’s room. This is a…

A biomarker is defined as a molecule that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological process, pathogenic process, or pharmacological responses to therapeutic intervention (Biomarkers Definitions Working, 2001). Although great efforts have been made in the last decade to discover novel cancer biomarkers for use in clinical practice, a striking number of these efforts fail to make it into the clinic (Fuzery, Levin, Chan, & Chan, 2013). One of the causes of this…

Pheochromocytomas are rare tumors arising exclusively from the chromaffin tissue of the sympathetic nervous system in adrenal medulla, However, the similar tumors that arise from same tissue in other locations are referred to as paragangliomas according to the most recent classification done by World Health Organization classification of tumours.1,2 Only 1% of paragangliomas are found in the urinary bladder which account for less than 0.06% of all bladder malignancies.3,4 Paraganglioma of the…

The only sounds radiating from the nearly empty gym court were the dribbling of a ball against the hard wooden floor and the occasional swish or clank of the hoop. Sweat drenched my red shirt, staining it a dark shade of maroon, and the shoelaces of my Nike Air Jordans were becoming undone, but I barely noticed as I continued to practice that Kyrie Irving move I saw during the 2013 All-Star Rookie-Sophomore game: cross between the legs, behind the back, in and out, cross left, step back, and…

As an aspiring M.D. or M.D./PhD, it is important to experience the research side of medicine and observe first-hand how it translates into the medical field. By having this clinical/biomedical research experience, I believe that I will have a more holistic and comprehensive perspective of healthcare and medicine that will help me become an exceptional physician one day. As a Neuroscience major following a pre-med track, I have covered a wide range of courses such as chemistry, physics, biology,…

Lord of the Flies can mean one of two things, it may mean the demon or it may mean the name of a certain book published in 1954. Lord of the Flies, by William Golding, is a fictional novel which displays a concrete glimpse of human nature as a cluster of adolescent boys were deserted on a minute island. Subsequently, a fair boy by the name of Ralph became the chief of the stranded boys. As chief, Ralph had to make many different decisions for himself and the boys around him. Ralph's internal and…

position of the individual when the blood was deposited (sitting, standing, etc.), the relative position of individuals at the time of bloodshed, the possible type of weapon used as well as possible mechanisms that could have produced the blood staining on a surface. The recognition…

Zebrafish embryos are suitable to use as a model system to perform chemical biology experiments effectively in educational sites. In this experiment, we studied the effect of caffeine on heartbeat rate and other phenotypes of zebrafish embryos using visual microscopy and simple imaging. A small drop for concentrations of caffeine in embryo medium caused an amount-dependent decrease in heartbeat rate in 2-3-day-old zebrafish embryos, finally resulting in complete heartbeat stop. We observed the…

Yersinia petis, which better known as the plague, is caused by a gram-negative and rod-shaped coccobacillus bacteria. (Gram-negative meaning the bacteria does not contain the crystal violet stain involved in the gram staining test or process). The bacterium is also considered to be partially anaerobic, meaning it can function with oxygen but can also switch to a fermentation without oxygen. Yersinia petis function and survive through the lives and cycle of rodents and fleas, because of this,…

stress concentration compared to the outside areas [Figure 4]. The PI3K at the SC, however, was upregulated with ~ 1.9 folds higher than the outside areas. The upregulated expression of Traf6, Src, PI3K, and NFKb corresponding well with the Trapc staining at the stress concentration could indicate that the osteoclast activity could most likely be related to the osteoclast differentiation. The upregulated PI3K and NFKb in osteoclasts have been found to relate with the bone activity like…