Spore

Alexander Fleming was an important scientist because he discovered antibiotics. Before this discovery Greeks and Indians used plants to treat infections. Russians used heated soil to heal infected wounds. Sumerian doctors provided beer soup mixed with turtle shells and snake skins for their patients. All the crazy ideas never compared to the discovery of antibiotics or antibacterial. Antibiotics are medicine that destroys microorganisms. They are many different types of antibiotics, some treat…

sterilization an object is said to be sterile, that is, free of microorganisms (WHO.int). Disinfection unlike sterilization, does not kill all microorganisms which includes resistant bacterial spores. “Disinfection contains two levels, a high-level which destroys all microogranisms except those containing bacterial spores, and a low-level which is able to kill most bacteria, and some viruses, but is unable to kill resistant microorganisms such as tubercle bacilli or bacterial…

chamber one of the most prevalent features throughout the check was the presence of slime mold. Slime mold seeks out decaying materials such as wood and leaves to grow on, so it can take up the nutrients. Slime molds are organisms that reproduce with spores, so the rapid spread everywhere in the chamber was one that closely resembles its characteristics (Poinar 1). Slime mold engulfs fungi which is attracted to decayed material, therefore it is reasonable that the slime mold would thrive (Slime…

Did you know about fifty-one percent of people die of anthrax a year? Anthrax is a serious infectious illness caused by a microbe called Bacillus anthracis that lives in soil. The good thing about anthrax that it is hard to get in the United States. Anthrax history has been widely more common in 2001. It was first discovered from ancient origins in 1250 BC. Anthrax is known as one of the worst biological attacks in the country. So far anthrax has attacked resulted in five deaths and 17 illness…

expected. B.subtillus grown for 24 hours is absent of spores that are important in allowing the bacteria to survive in adverse conditions, so it is expected that it would not survive the prolong UV exposure. The outlier in this experiment may have arisen due to a possible contamination that may have occurred when the agar plates were exposed to the air, leading to the loss of purity of the culture. B.subtillus grown for 7 days does have spores that are needed to allow it to survive the UV…

could be spread by the feces and contaminated food or objects that have been touched or in contact with the infected patients (Gale, 2013). C. diff is an anaerobic, bacterium that could sporulate in different environments (CDC, 2015). The C. diff spores on surfaces can last for weeks or months without the proper cleaning (Gale, 2013). Environmental contamination by this microorganism is well known, especially in places where fecal contamination may occur (CDC, 2015). C. diff infections can…

On December 11th, 1843 Robert Koch was born. He was just a simple baby but, little did his parents know he would discover and study many things involving modern bacteriology. By the time he was five he already taught himself to read, even though he was a mere mining engineer’s son. He used the newspaper to aid his learning. Taking after his father, he had a strong urge to travel. During high school he showed a lot of interest in biology. He went to the University of Göttingen to study medicine…

most common and is due to the growth of Clostridium botulinum, which produces toxins in food that lacks oxygen around it . Since Clostridium botulinum is an obligate anaerobe, it can only grow in the absence of oxygen. Wound botulism is the result of spores entering an open wound on the body and reproducing in a non-oxygen environment6. Infant botulism is when an infant ingests bacteria which causes toxins to be produced throughout the intestinal tract of the infant6. This is often the most…

Norman F, Cantor is Emeritus Professor of History, Sociology, and Comparative Literature at New York University. Cantor sections his book to explain to his readers the effects of the plague that caused so much destruction. The Black Death was a pandemic that occurred in the 1300s and left civilizations destroyed from the massive amount of people it killed. Cantor explains that there will most likely always be a degree of uncertainty about the plague because of the limitations from the medical…

Tetanus, also known as lockjaw, is an acute and potentially life-threatening infection caused by toxins released from the bacteria Clostridium tetani. It is commonly found in soil, fecal matter and dust in areas that tend to by hot and humid. The bacteria enter the body through open wounds or cuts, causing bacterial infection in those that have not been vaccinated or have not received the proper vaccination. Tdap should be administered in three doses during normal childhood vaccinations and it…