Spliceosome

1.1 The structure of DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is often referred to as “the molecule of life”. It encodes the instructions that are used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms. The molecule itself was first discovered in 1860 by Friedrich Miescher (reviewed in Dahm 2005). Further work was performed by other chemists, including Phoebus Levene who identified the components of the molecule, including the presence of ribose sugars and phosphate groups, as well as four…

The Western Honey Bee and its twenty sub species have been extensively spread across the planet due to economic benefits relating with pollination and honey production. Honey bees live in colonies and split the division of labor among individuals. There are three castes of Western Honey Bees: Workers, Drones, and Queens (Krell 1996). Worker bees are non-reproductive females that make up the largest group in the colony. They specialize in the collection of pollen/nectar and feeding the young.…

28. a) A structure that was made if two chains of nucleotides, each in a helix, with each chain running parallel to each other. Also proved that the nucleotide bases could pair up in only one way based on Chargaff’s rule. b) Franklin’s x-ray diffraction photographs showed that the wet form of DNA likely had a double helix. Wilkins showed Watson Franklin’s results and at the time Watson and Crick were experimenting with many potential models of having 1,2 or even 2 strands. As soon as Watson saw…

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is the most common form of leukemia in adults, roughly 20,800 individuals are diagnosed each year, leading to the lowest survival rate of all of the classes of leukemias. It is a classification of cancer of the blood and the bone marrow (the soft fatty material in the cavities of bones, where blood cells are constructed). The average age for this type of leukemia is 65 years or older, and is also more common in males rather than females. Acute Myeloid Leukemia is…

Advances in biology have led to many life altering medications, treatments, and solutions to molecular issues. One such region of biology that has altered scientists’ stances on creating a perfect product is the research being done on recombinant DNA. Recombinant DNA is any single molecule containing DNA sequences from two or more organisms. The process of creating recombinant DNA relies on the use of restriction enzymes, gel electrophoresis, and DNA ligase. The first step in creating this new…