Spleen

taken to avoid measurements from vessels, focal lesions, areas of artifact, or near the edge of organ. Furthermore, only measurements from the posterior half of right hepatic lobe were obtained because of similar anatomic location between liver and spleen with resultant similar artifacts (Figure 1). Liver and splenic attenuation measurements were averaged two measured levels to calculate the mean attenuation values for each patient. Liver minus splenic (L-S) attenuation values were…

Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) – Common Organ: Cysts form in the proximal convoluted tubules, Bowman’s capsule and collecting ducts of the kidneys. With time, the cysts enlarge. Patients can also present with cysts in the liver, pancreas, lungs, spleen, ovaries, seminal vesicles, testes, epididymis, thyroid, uterus, and bladder. Labs: Proteinuria (50% of patients), azotemia, hematuria, anemia Signs and Symptoms: Abdominal and lumbar pain, HTN Sonographically: Bilateral, enlarged kidneys.…

down and sleeping flat, coughing, sputum, and adventitious lung sounds. The right heart side signs and symptoms are weight gain, SOB, irregular heartbeat, fluid in legs, feet, peritoneal cavity, distended jugular vein and enlargement of the liver and spleen. Interventions for congestive heart failure are assess and monitor heart rhythm, assess and monitor vital signs and auscultate abdominal, heart and lungs, administration medication as prescribe, assess and monitor edema, proper diet, and…

GMOs Since pre-history, traditional breeding has been practiced. Selective breeding occurs when two animals or plants, that possess desirable traits, are crossed, and in return the offspring will have the wanted traits. Nowadays scientists are able to alter organisms in laboratories. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) “are organisms whose genetic material has been artificially manipulated in a laboratory through genetic engineering” (“What are GMOs”). The difference between traditional and…

vagus nerve. This connects the major organs to the brain and accounts for most so-called automatic body functions like heart-rate and breathing. The researchers found that a mere 180 seconds daily of the firing of impulses from the implant reduced spleen…

Patient Information: Patrick, 42yrs., M, Caucasian S. CC: Pain on the side of the back and stomach that radiates to the groin. HPI: Patrick is a 42yr old male patient presented to the clinic with c/o pain on the side of his back, that spreading to the stomach and radiates to the groin. He also c/o nausea and using the restroom very often. He feels, he is febrile as he was sweating. Onset: This morning 5 a.m. Location/Radiation: Which side of your back hurts? Where is the pain located on the…

Often called into question is the validity of the argument that human cells and tissues are the property of the hosts they came from after being removed from their body. To label parts of the human body, our anchor to this world, as personal property is very difficult. Even more difficult is deciding to whom these cells belong to after they are no longer a part of the person they came from. It is important to look at the benefits of research on the cells of people in order to help others.…

INTRODUCTION: Situs Inversus is a rare congenital recessive autosomal malformation, which is characterized by the viscera’s transposition which may be thoracic, abdominal or both (1, 2). Worldwide prevalence of this anomaly varies from 0.04% to 0.30% (3). Situs inversus is divided into two types: situs inversus partialis, which involves the thoracic organs (dextrocardia) or abdominal viscera, and situs inversus totalis, which involves both the thoracic organs and abdominal viscera (4). Though…

the following: loss of appetite, nausea, weight loss, abdominal pain, and spider like blood vessels (American Liver Foundation). Some complications are: fluid build-up and painful swelling of legs and abdomen, bruising and bleeding easily, enlarged spleen and blood vessels, and the presence of jaundice. Jaundice is the result of a yellow discoloration on the skin and eyes (Web MD, n.d.). Cirrhosis is diagnosed through a medical family history, physical exam, blood test, imaging tests, and a…

and nerves are most often affected. In AA (secondary amyloidosis) the body produces this protein as a natural response to chronic infection or inflammation. The presence of organ dysfunctions is also taken into consideration. The kidneys, liver, and spleen are the main sites of amyloid deposition. In ATTR amyloidosis, the amyloid originates from genetic amyloid proteins. Familial genetic mutations contribute to amyloid formation. Can cause nerve damage and heart problems. A more genetically form…