Spectroscopy

not be measured and no calculations were possible. As a consequence, the binding constant of Ethidium Bromide to DNA using absorption spectroscopy was impossible to measure since no data was available. Instead, the whole experiment was redesigned by the TA in order to work which what was available at the lab and at least get a sense on how absorption spectroscopy works. Experiment was performed in partners order to accommodate for the last minute changes in the experimental procedures…

Chapter Three - Conclusions 3.1 Conclusions This research aimed to verify the synthesis protocol for HPA-12 and analogues from aldehydes of Greatrex et al. (2014). Limited success in synthesising required quantities had a negative impact on the outcomes of this research, and no reasons were identified for the low yields that were obtained. Additional time, or resolution of issues resulting in low yields, would have allowed additional research and confirmation of the synthesis protocol. Long…

Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) images and spectra were obtained from various samples of silica and platinum on silica. Each sample contains unique structures which were prepared by etching the surface of silica in different conditions. A scanning electron microscope is a type of electron microscope that produces images of topography and composition by scanning a sample with a focused beam of electrons. Samples can be observed in high vacuum,…

Kanamycin sulphate and rifampicin were purchased from Hangzhou Dayangchem Co., Ltd., Zhejiang, China. Acetonitrile and ethanol (High performance liquid chromatography, HPLC, grade) were purchased from Merck, Germany. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate, phenylisocyanate, triethylamine, orthophosphoric acid (analytical reagent grade) and silicone oil (viscosity 10 cSt) were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich, St. Louis, USA. Size 3 hard gelatin capsules were kindly donated by Capsugel Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.…

Through experimentation, it has been determined spectroscopy provides valuable information on the absorbance behavior of triclosan in a solution. It acts as a viable way to measure the concentration of triclosan in a mixture. The data obtained using spectroscopy showed the soap sample contained 0.461% triclosan by mass. This coincides exactly with the information on the antibacterial concentration found on the bottle of soap. When using the spectroscopy method as a simple procedure for measuring…

the 100 % agave tequilas from the mixed ones. The purpose of this study was to examine the composition of various samples of authentic tequila purchased in Mexico and Germany using ion chromatography (IC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. It was expected…

The objective of this experiment was to identify an unknown sample by preforming classification tests such as: Bisulfite test, Schiff’s test, and Idoform test. Also, to confirm the identity of the unknown by melting point, IR spectroscopy, and 1H NMR. For the solubility test, 1 mL of deionized water was placed in a test tube. A few drops of the of the unknown was added to the test tube and mixed with a pipette. After a few minutes, the unknown was determined to be insoluble. Next, the Schiff’s…

Determination of Isoprenaline Hydrochloride Concentration Using Ultra Violet/ Visible Spectroscopy and Quantification of Sodium and Potassium Using Flame Spectroscopy Introduction In UV/VIS (ultraviolet-visible light) spectroscopy, light absorption as a function of various wavelengths gives data about electronic transitions within a solution [1]. The electronic transitions involve exciting an electron from one principle quantum state to another by the absorption of energy [2]. A change in…

rotation and translations. However, this study also reported that intermediate may behaving badly. For many reactions occurring via supposedly achiral intermediates afforded optically active products. These behavior changes described by the ultrafast spectroscopies allowed a reactive intermediates to be detected directly and also allowed an unambiguous tracking of the energy flow during the formation and reaction of theses intermediates. Also, by the hardware and software, which allowed…

Introduction In this experiment, isopentyl acetate was prepared by the direct esterification of acetic acid with isopentyl alcohol, which is an equilibrium that results in a shift in favor of the product by using one of the starting materials in excess. An esterification reaction is when an acid is converted into an ester by combining with an alcohol and removing a water molecule. Esters are found in numerous natural products, including fruits, flowers, and spices. Carboxyllic esters contribute…