knowledge that leads us to panic and worries, but if we stop for a while and think about the situation again, we will see that the situation we are facing now, which seems as misfortunes, often it becomes the time we remember and laugh the most. Luxurious food and drinks, in no way, protect you from harm. Wealth beyond what is natural is no more use than an overflowing container – Epicurus The general term of measuring happiness by us is to measure the amount of asset we have, but assets can…
reincarnation. The soul would go on a journey greeted by ancestors, souls of dead could pass between “the world of dead and the world of the living. Australian aboriginal views are the person’s actions during life has no impact on health oh his spirit in the afterlife. There is no hell or heaven. Two souls that merged at death. Eternal dreaming is never ending cycle which is reincarnation. Land of the dreaming ancestors and God and ancestors are the land of the dead deceased person soul went…
is the relation of the soul. Each soul is broken up into three categories similar to the three different classes, which correlates to one another. The appetive part of the soul is for those who lust for things such as food, sex, and money. These people are the auxillery or the producers in society, holding the lowest level of knowledge/virtue. Those whom spiritedness fills their soul hold a lust for honour; otherwise known as the guardians. Lastly the rational part of the soul represents the…
In Rep. IV at 436b-c, Socrates puts forth the the principle of division. This principle provides a means to rationally and plausibly divide the soul into parts. Socrates states that the “same thing will not be willing to do or undergo opposites in the same part of itself, in relation to the same thing, at the same time” (436b). What this means is that a single body can not have opposite processes that occur simultaneously. For example, Socrates provides the example of someone who is standing…
Socrates explains in the Phaedo that death is not bad and he looks forward to death as a philosopher. His main reason as to why he looks forward to death is his belief that the soul is immortal. In Phaedo Socrates says that he and other philosophers spend their whole life preparing for death and strengthening their souls. While on the other hand, The Death of Ivan Ilych, by Leo Tolstoy tells a story of someone who gets hit with an unexpected and painful death and realizes that he regrets his…
One ironic truth that is shared among all living organisms is the matter of death. As fatality is inevitable, death and its relation with one's existence has always concerned thinkers, and philosophy, being the field of evaluating ideas, has given the chance to these thinkers to explore the true meanings of life and death. Among all great philosophers who have tackled this subject in their lifetime, the similarities between Socrates and Buddha's approach towards death is astonishing. In his…
belief that the body and soul are completely separate entities, which can exist without each other. Plato and Descartes were two key philosophers that supported this idea, however philosophers such as Aristotle and Elizabeth Anscombe believed in a less extreme dualism, in which the body and soul are separate but require each other to complete their purpose. Conversely, Richard Dawkins opposes dualism completely and relies on a materialistic view to explain his idea of a ‘soul’- he rejects the…
When he finally spoke with Socrates about it, it was obvious that Alcibiades was in love with Socrates’ soul, but Socrates had nothing in return. Socrates wants to be able to love Alcibiades’ soul as well, not just his body because that would not be a fair tradeoff. After this, it was clear that Alcibiades loved Socrates and had a great respect for him for his self control. Even when there was a food shortage or it was cold, he would not complain. This shows that Socrates had a great…
Recollection suggests that learning is remembering through dialectic: we know the Forms before we are even born. The recollection argument is if the Doctrine of Recollection is true, then the soul must have existed before birth. However, the doctrine is true since these arguments encircle this claim, which means the soul is…
Herodotus, Epicurus’ material outlook assumes that all things are made out of atoms, an argument that he extends to the soul. He raises the point that the soul is material and capable of sensation, and these sensations build out thoughts; however, this assumption tends to categorize human thoughts and limit originality and creativity. In the text, Epicurus explains that the soul is a structure that is material and primarily used for sensation; these sensations become responsible for our…