Solutions

via the methods of extraction, recrystallization, and melting point determination (University of Windsor, 2015). An important factor in this experiment is solubility. Solubility is the affinity for one solvent over the other. Liquids, or aqueous solutions, that may dissolve the same compound are commonly found to be miscible. By using liquid – liquid extraction a compound can transform into an ionic form, soluble in polar solvents (water), through acid-base reactions. Examples of organic…

Turbidity: - Turbidity is a degree of water clarity. Turbidity is defined as an “expression of the optical property that causes light to be scattered and absorbed rather than transmitted in straight lines through the sample”. Nephelometers are used to measure the intensity of light scattered by contaminants present in water such as suspended and colloidal solids like clay, silt and microscopic organisms. Turbidimeters using the principle of nephelometer compare the light scattered due to…

In this study, the changes in the rheological curves of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastisols with increasing storage time and the factors affecting the changes were studied,. The results show that with increasing storage time, all the "viscosity–temperature" and "viscosity–time" rheological curves of PVC plastisols exhibit non-normal distribution change trends, i.e., the viscosity first decreases, and then changes from slow increasing to rapid increasing, forming a shoulder peak, reaches to the…

4.5.3 Texture Acceptability of Mushroom Soup In term of texture, the acceptance of particle in soups was determined (Table 4.3). Generally, soup prepared from freeze dried powders had higher scores for acceptability of 4.47 ± 1.10 than oven dried and vacuum dried powder that varies between 3.80± 1.06 and 4.47± 1.43. However, there was no significant difference (p> 0.05) among the soups prepared with fresh mushroom and powders in the respect of texture. The lower texture acceptability of oven…

Identification of a Liquid Objective This experiment was performed out to determine the identity of an unknown liquid sample by investigating its solubility in water, hexane and ethyl alcohol. Also, its density and boiling point were obtained and compared to the theoretical values. Theory Chemical substances can be identified through investigation of their chemical and physical properties and then comparing the experimental values to the standard values. Physical properties do not change the…

As stated originally, our hypothesis for the laboratory experiment was that there is an inverse relationship between the percent abundance of tap water in a mixture and the size (diameter) (cm) of the bubbles produced from the respective mixture. However, our experimental process yielded just the opposite results- a direct relationship between the percent abundance of tap water in a mixture and the size (diameter) (cm) of the bubbles produced from the respective mixture- meaning that when there…

There are six principles of pressure. One will explain each of the six principles of pressure. Also, state why it is important that the fire and emergency services personnel understand these six principles. The first principle is stating that the water is trying to burst out, therefore, it pushes and applies pressure to all confining contacting walls within a system. Water will behave differently in open containers than in confined spaces of firefighting systems (Sturzenbecker, Adams, &…

targeted to the skin but instead an antihistamine used to prevent balance related sickness, this might suggest why the use of the alternative lipid, DSPC, gave better results. For sample CIN14, (Table 8) that no cholesterol was used, observed the formation of crystals rather than functional liposomes and the most extreme drop in EE% of 28.33% (from 35.55% to 7.00%). This emphasises the requirement for some degree of fluidity for a membrane to be functional. As the presence of cholesterol is…

In the first experiment we use the solubility of pigments to distinguish and observe them. Solubility refers to how much of a particular substance can dissolve in a particular solvent. In this experiment we use the solubility of the different colored pigments in the leaf to identify the different pigments. For example, when looking at a normal leaf, you only see that it is green because chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b are the most abundant in green leaves because those chlorophyll’s pigment is…

Results This experiment’s results revealed that the higher the temperature of vinegar that the egg was placed in, the less time it took for the eggshell to dissolve. A data trend showed that eggs in vinegar at a temperature of 62.8C took around twelve hours to completely dissolve their eggshell. Eggs set in vinegar at 24.5C took about sixteen hours to dissolve their eggshell and eggs in 1C vinegar took about twenty hours or more (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3). Figure 1. This line graph…