Solubility

The experiment was made to identify an unknown compound by using different methods. For example, boiling, freezing and the physical properties were used to help identifying the unknown compound. In the experiment the boiling, freezing and the physical properties were measured. Furthermore, a table of a given data was used to help identifying the compound by comparing the boiling points, freezing points and the physical properties given in the lab manual on pages (50-52). Identifying a compound…

1) How will the Washington Center Seminar contribute to achieving your academic, career and personal goals? The Washington Center Seminar will contribute to achieving my academic goals because as a student because I learned one of the best ways to become better is to challenge myself. I love being challenged because it gives me the opportunity to learn something new and become more open minded. It contributes to my career because as a future physician I should know a thing or two about…

Hydrogen Cyanide Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) is an extremely poisonous liquid discovered in 1782 by Carl Scheele, a Swedish chemist. HCN is very toxic because it stops cells from using oxygen properly thus causing death. Although HCN is a great solvent for salts, it cannot be used due to its high toxicity. Even though it is general stable, it has the capacity to combust in the company of basic substances such as ammonia or sodium cyanide. What is its structure? The structure of Hydrogen cyanide is…

1. (a) Diffusion refers to the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration of those molecules. The factors that influence the rate of diffusion across a membrane are: ~ the extent of the concentration gradient – the greater the difference in concentration on either side of the membrane, the faster the rate of diffusion ~ the mass of molecules diffusing – the heavier they are, the slower they will diffuse across the membrane ~ the distance travelled –…

With A = 52.4, and B =119.8. Moreover, some previous works overlooked that the increase in temperature is always accompanied by the increase in water vapour pressure, and lower CO2 partial pressure respectively. Consequently, according to Henry’s law, the amount of dissolved CO2 in water is also decreased. Thus, the increase in temperature will increase the kinetics of precipitation, and also reduce the supersaturation of FeCO3 as a result of lesser amount of dissolved CO2 in the water. B.…

cross-linking reactions that are caused by photo-oxidation of polymers. Polymers are considered to get weathered due to the direct or indirect impact of heat and ultraviolet light. The effectiveness of the stabilizers against weathering depends on solubility, ability to stabilize in different polymer matrix, the distribution in matrix, evaporation loss during processing and use. The effect on the viscosity is also an important concern for processing. Various stabilizers used for polymers are…

Ionic and Covalent bonds are the two different types of bonds that hold atoms together, each having their own characteristics. The distance and charge determines the type of bond the molecules have. These bonds occur because atoms strive to obtain the ideal valence of 8. Some atoms need to gain or lose electrons in order to achieve the ideal valence. In a covalent bond, the electrons are being pulled by two atoms that are both nonmetals. In other words, the two atoms are sharing electrons, but…

Drug absorption depends on its solubility, routes and blood flow to the area for absorption. Lipid soluble, non-ionized drugs are absorbed faster than a water soluble.The cell membranes are lipid bilayers; they allow most lipid soluble drugs easily pass into the cell. Most drugs are absorbed…

Drug dissolution testing is important so that we can be able to understand the trend followed by the drug in the biological system. USP Apparatuses are used for dissolution testing but the shortcoming of some of these apparatuses is not being able to mimic the conditions in the biological system. USP Apparatus 3 have recently been developed and has shown to have superiority over the other USP Apparatuses 1 and 2 based on the mentioned disadvantage, and others. USP Apparatus 1 is called the…

Part 1: Test of Melting Point Generally, ionic solids have very high melting point temperatures. Covalent molecules have a lower melting point. Polar covalent molecules have a higher melting point than non-polar covalent molecules. 1. Mold an aluminum foil boat that will serve as a tray for the table salt, sugar, wax. 2. At different corners of the boat place a very small amount of each substance. a. Table Salt b. Sugar c. Wax 3. Set the hot plate on high. 4. Observe and record the order…