Solubility

there is ions which can help accelerate the ions Fe2 + oxidation results. Violence of rust increased quickly by the presence of salt because the salt solubility increase conductivity ions by the solution so that it speeds up the process of corrosion. Ions chloride also forms a stable complex with compounds Fe3 +. These factors tend to increase the solubility of iron so that it can accelerate…

Phase Diagram and Phase Transformation Fig. 1 shows (FCC) Nickel-(BCC) Chromium binary phase diagram. The eutectic reaction takes place at 1345°C and the composition is 51% Cr and 49% Ni. The solid solubility of Cr in Ni is extensive which is evident from the phase diagram. Phase transformations of two Ni-Cr alloys are explained below. One is Ni40Cr60 (Line 2) which is closer to eutectic composition and contains greater % Cr and the other alloy is Ni68Cr32 (Line 1) which contains greater % Ni.…

fibrinolytic properties (Li et al. 2016). The crystal structure and polymorphs of Active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) has been found important as one of the factors that decides the effectiveness of a drug. In recent times, the stability and aqueous solubility…

Chitin is a linear polysaccharide, with β-(1-4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. Found in the exoskeletons of crustaceans (crab, shrimp, lobster, insects) & molluscs, as well as the cell walls of algae and fungi, chitin is the second-most naturally abundant polysaccharide after cellulose [1, 2]. Chitin occurs naturally in the polymorphic forms: α, β and γ. The α-polymorphic form of chitin is the most abundant in nature, present in the strong exoskeleton of crustaceans [6]. α-Chitin forms tightly…

α-Lactalbumin, a multifunction protein in milk, forms an enzyme complex with galactosyltransferase that catalyzes the last reaction in lactose synthesis.1 α-Lactalbumin has one Ca2+ binding site and several Zn2+ binding sites as well as many intermediary folding states, making it ideal for research involving the effects of cation binding on protein interactions as well as research on protein misfolding.1 α-Lactalbumin gives milk an antimicrobial property, making it important for infant health,…

Liquid ventilation (LV) is a form of mechanical ventilation in which the lungs are insufflated with an oxygen-rich liquid, such as perfluorocarbon, rather an oxygen-rich gas mixture (1). There are two primary types of liquid-assisted ventilation: total liquid ventilation and partial liquid ventilation. In total liquid ventilation, the lungs are filled with perfluorocarbon to a volume equivalent to the lung’s functional residual capacity and a liquid ventilator is used to generate tidal breathing…

Conductivity of CIP Chemicals 5. Microwave Moisture Analyzer Moisture Detection 6. IR Moisture Analyzer Moisture Detection 7. Stamp Volumeter Density of Powder 8. Bursting Strength Analyzer For Packaging Material 9. pH Meter pH Measurement 10. Solubility Index Mixer Solubility Index of Powder 11. Electronic Weighing Balance For Weighing Purpose 12. Gerber Centrifuge For Determination of Fat 13. Muffle Furnaces For Ash 14. Spectronic 20 For colour determination 15. Oxygene analyzer For…

identification of specific material. Following physical properties of API were studied. a) Color b) Odour c) Taste Physical Appearance The appearance of the API was done by visual observation Solubility Studies Solubility profiles of Atorvastatin were done by solubility equilibrium method. It is done by stirring an excess of drug in the solvents water, methanol, ethanol isopropyl alcohol for a prolonged period until equilibrium is reached. It is also…

under the stress of nutrient these energy storage compounds are break down in smaller fragments that degraded and consumed by bacterial cells. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) create an ultimate carbon and energy storage material because of their lower solubility and high molecular weight, which apply slight osmotic pressure on the cell of bacterial species (Sudesh et al., 2000; Peters and Rehm, 2005; Keshavarz and Roy, 2010).…

The main objective of extraction is to isolate and purify organic substances. A chemist is able to achieve this by using either macroscale or microscale extraction for separating a solute from a solvent. Macroscale extraction uses a separatory funnel, while microscale extraction involves a conical vial. However, these experiments for extracting caffeine and isolating a neutral compound uses the macroscale extraction technique. Data Table 1 shows the results gathered from the first extraction…