Sodium hypochlorite

4-tert-butylcyclohexanol, a secondary alcohol (mixture of cis and trans stereoisomers) is to be oxidized into a ketone, 4-tert-butylcyclohexanone using sodium hypochlorite (bleach). Thin layer chromatography (TLC) is used to monitor the progress of the the reaction. The second week of the reaction, 4-tert-butylcyclohexanone is reduced using sodium borohydride or the Meerwein-Pondorff-Verley (MPV) conditions. NMR spectroscopy is used to evaluate the stereochemical…

dissolving solutions Mechanical instrumentation reduces the bacteria population but effective elimination of the bacteria is achieved when mechanical instrumentation is coupled with antimicrobial root canal irrigants and intra canal medication.1 Sodium hypo- chlorite is the most…

The major differences between the two types are strength and formulation. Also, bleach is a bit less expensive than pool chlorine. Bleach Versus Pool Chlorine Common pool chlorine is made up of the chemical calcium hypochlorite at about 65 percent strength. The calcium hypochlorite form of chlorine is a solid that is easy to introduce into pool water. In addition to the chlorine itself, calcium and other inert ingredients make up the remainder of the chemical. Household bleach…

In everyday life, people use antibacterial products to sanitize their homes. Some of the common active ingredients in household cleaning products are thymol, lactic acid, sodium hypochlorite, and ethanol (e.g. active ingredient in some hand sanitizers). The purpose of our experiment was to determine if antibacterial products lost effectiveness in killing common bacteria in everyday environments after repeated use. This is an important environmental issue because if these products are losing…

Escherichia coli, a bacteria with an optimal pH of between 6.5 to 7.0 to enhance its proliferation is very commonly used in laboratories and studies worldwide due to its low cost and high effectiveness and will therefore be the bacteria of choice for this investigation. It has been shown in many studies such as the article “HdeB chaperone activity is coupled to its intrinsic dynamic properties” very recently published in the prestigious magazine Nature that bacterial growth and overall…

Purpose: By doing this experiment, students will properly complete a redox titration well also determining the amount of hypochlorite ions present in the commercial bleach given. Introduction: Commercial Bleach and other commercial products like hair colouring agents, contain oxidizing agents. Oxidizing agents are substances that remove electrons from one or more reactants and thereby oxidizes it, whereas reducing agents are substance that give electrons to other reactant. There is some…

Scientists use a scale to measure how acidic or basic a liquid is. That scale is called a pH scale. The pH scale is a number from zero to fourteen. Accordingly, zero to seven liquids are considered acid. However, seven is considered a neutral, like distilled water. Therefore, eight to fourteen the liquids are considered basic. For instance, a pH of two is going to be an acidic liquid. Thus, a pH of twelve would be measured as a basic liquid. Additionally, a strip of litmus paper will…

(equivalent to 4% w/v available chlorine at the time of manufacture), and XXX g L-1sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Chemicals used for feather treatment were 15% sodium hypochlorite, ethanol absolute, methanol, ether, 30% hydrogen peroxide, Cationic Surfactant, and n-hexane supplied by xxx. Sodium hydroxide pellets, and sodium dodecyl sulphate powder were supplied by xxx. Equipment Equipment used in this study is presented in three parts, equipment used for lab scale experiments, large…

At the beginning of the 1900s chlorine started to be used as a disinfectant in water. Water had to be chlorinated because of waterborne pathogens which would then go and cause deadly diseases which flourished in our pipes and water ways and infected millions of people. But ever since the disinfection of water the most of these diseases have been eliminated in first world countries but is still a big problem in 3rd world problems. (Calomiris, 1998) Chlorine is the most used disinfectant around…

Introduction The Jackson Pike Wastewater Treatment Plant, located in Columbus Ohio, along with the Southerly Plant are responsible for treating a combined average of 208 million gallons of water per day [1]. Founded in 1937, the Jackson Pike Plant first treated approximately 50 million gallons of water per day. To keep up with a growing Columbus population, the wastewater plant has been upgraded to treat 150 million gallons per day. On September 7th, 2017 Carnell Felton, the plant’s assistant…