Sodium citrate

Question: How does functional groups on ethane impact the exothermic energy released during the combustion of the compound? Hypothesis: Equipment: Thermometer Ethane Ethanol Ethanoic Acid Fire and a skewer Weighing scale Ceramic Container 400ml beaker Aluminum foil Lab coat apron Safety goggles Retort stand and ring clamp Procedure: Wear your lab coat / apron and your safety goggles. Prepare 100ml of water into a beaker then cover it with an aluminum sheet. Poke a hole through the…

Task 3: Explain standard solutions and at least 3 different types of titrations that are used in industry and compare these to titrations in the lab. Standard Solutions & Titrations A standard solution is a solution of a known concentration. Standard solutions are made by dissolving an accurately weighed mass of a solid in a known volume of a soluble solvent using a volumetric flask. Method • Firstly, you would need to calculate the mass of the NaOH that you are going use. • Next you…

traces of salt (sodium ethanoate and sodium sulfate) and remaining soluble impurities when it is discarded (AUS-e-TUTE. 2015.) Any remaining traces of ethanoic acid and sulfuric acid is neutralised by sodium carbonate (as shown in equation 1) (Fischer esterification reaction), which is converted to soluble sodium sulfate, sodium ethanoate and carbon dioxide which is released by inverting the separating funnel, and opening the tap. Equation 1: Ethanoic Acid + Sodium Carbonate  Sodium Ethanoate…

White King Bleach is a multi-purpose cleaner (Pental 2018, para. 2). The product manufacturer of bleach is Pental Products Pty Ltd located in Shepparton, Victoria (Pental Products Pty Ltd 2016). The chemicals contained in this product are sodium hypochlorite, sodium hydroxide and coco dimethyl amine oxide (Pental Products Pty Ltd 2016). Bleach has positive and hazardous effects on human health, in the context of household use as detailed in journal 1. In addition, the substance also has…

to dissolve the scale, and weak enough to not damage the pipe itself (Oxlade 32). Another weak acid is vinegar. Before refrigerators were invented, food was kept in vinegar, because the acid would kill the microorganisms that feed on the food (33). Sodium hydroxide, a strong base, is used in oven cleaners because it is very corrosive. It reacts with grease in the oven so that it can be washed away with water. Many soaps and detergents are bases, too (32).Neutralization reactions can also be…

substances. The following sets of substances could have been assigned: Set 1 - Silver nitrate (AgNO3), Manganese(II) nitrate (Mn(NO3)2), Barium nitrate (Ba(NO3)2), Hydrochloric acid (HCl), Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH); Set 3 - Silver nitrate (AgNO3), Barium nitrate (Ba(NO3)2), Hydrochloric acid (HCl), Sulfuric acid (H2SO4), Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH); Set 4 - Silver nitrate (AgNO3), Lead (II) nitrate (Pb(NO3)2), Hydrochloric acid (HCl), Ammonia (NH3), Water (H2O). From the substances above Hydrochloric…

This scientific experiment will entail the rate at which ice will melt with different types of salts that include, table salt, sea salt, and rock salt. Salt melts ice essentially because adding salt lowers the freezing point of water. Although we know that salt has the ability to melt ice, we are testing whether sea salt, table salt, or rock salt melts ice more efficiently by calculating the amount of time it takes to melt the ice. We will begin by placing the same quantity of each type of…

Purpose Statement: The main ingredient in my favorite seasoning, Adobo, led me to choose salt as my topic. After doing background research, I learned there were three ways of making salt and the one I found most interesting was solar salt. My decision to focus this paper on solar salt was also influenced by the fact that I never bothered to know how salt was created or obtained, and I like learning about environmentally friendly products. My intended audience is the class and the professor. I…

Alkalinity is a measure of the ability of a water to resist changes in pH. Alkalinity in water is due to the presence of weak acid systems that consume by hydrogen ion produced by other reactions, allowing chemical or biological activities to take place within a water without changing the pH (1). In this way the alkalinity protects aquatic life. The measured value may vary considerably with the end-point pH used. Alkalinity is a measure of an aggregate property of water and can be interpreted…

looked at for its physical characteristics. WD has light, tan color and a soft texture, resembling the wood of a pine tree. The density of it was also calculated and had a 20% error. Through the acetic acid test, PE mirrored the characteristics of sodium bicarbonate. They both create a large chemical reaction in which fizzing and bubbling occur. The Australians will get LF, MA, and WD through a density comparison, and PE through an acetic acid…