Sodium citrate

Chlorine is a chemical added to swimming pools to keep the water free of bacteria and algae. Chlorine levels in swimming pools vary based on how much chlorine has already been used to remove bacteria and how much sunlight has broken down the chlorine molecules. This means that pool owners spend a lot of time testing and adjusting the levels of chlorine in their pools. To reduce the amount of time spent on pool maintenance, pool chemical manufacturer's created chlorine tablets. These tablets are…

We are testing different watt light bulbs and how it affects how fast the chads rise. We are using 300, 200, 100 and 60 watt lights bulbs. We are timing how long it takes for the chads to rise with each different light. Photosynthesis is a chemical process through which plants, some bacteria and algae, produce glucose and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water, using only light as a source of energy. Photosynthesis converts massive amount of Sunlight into electrical and then chemical energy. The…

For my orthographic drawing, I created three different views of my putt putt boat. I created a top, front and side view of my boat. I created an orthographic drawing because it accurately shows the top, front and side views clearly and more precisely. I was representing a 3d object in 2 dimensions. My three views show how each side of the boat looks in detail and the accurate measurements of the boat. To create the hull, we shaped a piece of aluminum into a “pocket” by using sandpaper to sand…

sensation, muscle contraction, hormonal activity, fluid secretion, immune response and, of course, brain activity. Ion channel drugs are used to treat major cardiovascular, neurological, muscular, metabolic, and respiratory conditions. In particular, sodium channel drugs have the remarkable ability to target specific cells to control sensory or motor functions, without threatening vital processes. This selectivity allows for uses as local anaesthetic, analgesic, anti-arrhythmic and…

Limiting reactants occur in a reaction when one of the reactants runs out and there is excess of another reactant. It is important to understand limiting reactants because it allows us to adjust the amount of chemicals we need to create a product without having excess chemicals. On October 5, 2017, we completed a lab in which we determined which chemical was the limiting reactant in a reaction by adding each chemical to the excess chemical and observing which formed a precipitate. II. Data,…

The sodium-potassium pumps is a plasma membrane transport protein and serve to push an ion into a cell against its concentration gradient. This type of action is known as active transport because it needs the energy to be able to move the ions against their concentration gradient. Generally, the solutes being pushed in or out of a cell will go from a low concentration gradient to a high concentration gradient. The sodium-potassium pump is crucial to kidney function, nerve signaling, and heart…

threshold. In order to reach this threshold, a cell must depolarize. Typically, cells depolarize with the opening of voltage-gated sodium channels. During the rising phase of the action potential, these channels allow positive sodium ions to flow into the cell in what is called the depolarization phase. The flow of these ions into the cell is often referred to as the sodium current. Once the cell is depolarized, voltage-gated potassium channels are signaled to open, allowing potassium to flow…

The first mixture of sodium chloride and water is homogenous the salt equally spreads out when added to the water. After adding sand, the second mixture becomes heterogeneous, the sand sinks to the bottom of the beaker and does not mix among the salt and water. b. The mixture…

Experiment 5: Anions and Redox Reactions Introduction (a) Objectives General: To examine the importance of potassium permanganate as an oxidising agent and the strong powers of halogens in oxidation. Part 1 Determining the colour associated with a certain halogen by adding a sample of the halogen to cyclohexane and recording the colours observed. Part 2 Identifying a halogen referring to the colours recorded in part 1, by reacting the halogen with a halide and observing the colour present.…

hChemical kinetics deals with the rates of chemical processes. Any chemical process is considered to consist of number of one or more single-step step which are known as elementary reactions elementary processes or elementary steps. Elementary reactions may involve dissociation or isomerisation of a single reactant molecule, which is referred as unimolecular step. Also there may be a single collision between two molecules, which is referred as a bimolecular step. It should be noted that…