Social research

William Covino and David Jolliffe’s provide their view of the definition of rhetoric in the article “What is Rhetoric?” published in their rhetoric textbook in 1995. More recently, Joshua Rothman discusses the limitations of the system of academia and what it means to be an academic writer producing rhetoric in his article “Why is Academic Writing So Academic?” published in The New Yorker in 2014. Both articles focus on the importance and effects of audience on the rhetoric created and the…

Critical Analysis of the Extended Mind The concept of extended cognition is introduced in Andy Clark and David Chalmers’ article “The Extended Mind”. In it, Clark explains that the idea of extended cognition deals with the notion that external objects and interactions play a major role in helping the cognitive process. In this essay, I will critically examine Clark’s idea of extended cognition and how it pertains to real life technologies. Introducing this concept, Clark begins by asking…

In this chapter an overview on the Bee Colony Optimization (BCO) method is presented. In the first introductory section the development of the BCO algorithm is given, with an overview on history of mathematical model based on discovered behavior patterns in bees in early 1940s. The aim here is to remind of first steps made in solving of optimization problems by BCO and what kind of changes were performed to obtain the current versions of the BCO method. In the second section two variants of the…

Philosopher Daniel Dennett coined the term Intuition Pump in referring to a thinking tool that challenges our intuitive ideas or inspires new ones. In his book by the same name he offers up many such thinking tools, claiming that “these handy prosthetic imagination-extenders and focus-holders permit us to think reliably and even gracefully about really hard questions.” Among the thinking tools that Dennett points out are analogies and thought experiments, both of which are the topics here.13…

In his article “Argument as Conversation”, Stuart Greene attempts to purpose the proper way to make arguments into intellectual conversation. Whether you are in class, or spending some time with family, arguments usually happen and are a unique part of everyday life. As Greene states in the article, “Argument is very much part of what we do every day; We confront a public issue, something that is open to dispute, and we take a stand and support what we think and feel with what we believe are…

Creating a memorial can be complicated. When choosing a way to symbolize an important part of history, there are multiple factors that play an important role. A group or agency should consider the cost and properly symbolizing the event or person within the creation of the monument. The cost of a dedication is a necessary aspect. Jason Kosareff published a piece, ‘‘Cemetery Faces an Uncertain Future’’ in the Whittier Daily News. Kosareff presents, ‘‘If a cemetery was solid for development… the…

to write about for assignment #3. Even though I have completed other research assignments in the past this assignment gave some difficulty. Following the course content I was able to write a viable research paper on anthropogenic climate change, a subject that I am passionate about. When writing the assignment, I used skills that I learned in previous papers. I used prewriting when coming up with points of view for my research. The length of the paper gave me the most trouble since English is my…

directly to my hypothesis that Christian women are more likely to lose their virginity if they take a virginity pledge. When it came to my research process, out of the 11 women I interviewed, 8 of them had taken virginity pledges, and three of them had not. However, out of these 8 women, only 2 had kept their virginity pledge. Through this evidence and research, I was able to prove that when Christian women take virginity pledges, they are more likely to lose their virginity. However, according…

In chapter 11 “analyzing and synthesizing arguments” provides insight on how to analyze and synthesize an argument. When we analyze we ask questions like what’s the issues, who’s the audience, and most importantly what positon you stand in an argument. Once, that is finished then you would start to wrap everything with the counterargument. Now, you would look and decide if there is enough motivating factors such as interest, values, concerns, and priorities. To synthesize an argument you would…

journalist and recipient of a Santa Fe Institute Journalism Fellowship in Complexity Science- discusses the consequences resulting from the recent lack of peer-review, the portrayal of the scientific community due to these effects, and the true nature of research. According to Aschwanden (2015), one of the prominent contributors to the public’s lack of confidence in science is statistical manipulation and biases. This relates to O’Neil’s Weapons of Math Destruction: How Big Data Increases…