SN1 reaction

15SPE072X 27012016 EXPERIMENT 7: Cannizzaro reaction and reaction of benzaldehyde with ethylene glycol Introduction: From the first experiment, the reaction of benzaldehyde and potassium hydroxide will produce two products which are benzyl alcohol and benzoic acid. We are going to look at how to get this two products separated by using their different chemical properties. For the second experiment, benzaldehyde ethylene acetal is formed when the reaction done under acidic environment.…

3.7. Equilibrium isotherms Langmuir isotherm proposed by Langmuir, (1918) with some limitations Dąbrowski, (2001) expressed as: (4) Where qm (mg g–1) is the maximum amount of the metal ion per unit weight of adsorbent, ‘qe’ is equilibrium adsorption capacity (mg g–1), ‘Ce’ is the equilibrium concentration of the adsorbate (mg L–1), and b is a constant which reveals the affinity of binding sites (L mg-1). From the plots between (Ce/qe ) and Ce the slope (1/qm ) and the intercept…

1. INTRODUCTION Thiosemicarbazone is a derivative of imine which is formed when an aldehyde/ketone reacts with a thiosemicarbzide through a condensation reaction. The presence of the hetero atoms like Sulphur and Nitrogen makes these derivatives biologically active. Lately, great emphasis is laid on the synthesis and development of these derivatives reason being the wide variety of pharmacological activities exhibited by them. So far, thiosemicarbazones have been shown to exhibit analgesic and…

B Sridhar et al (2012) studied Purification and Characterization of Biosurfactants. The emulsifications of biosurfactants were checked in various oils such as olive, coconut, sunflower and rice bran oils, the emulsification activity of biosurfactants. Pseudomonas aeruginosa had higher emulsification activity than Saccharomyces cerevisiae. While checking the sugar and lipid content in biosurfactants by phenol sulphuric acid method and vanillin reagent method, found high in Pseudomonas aeruginosa…

Km and Vmax determination of glucocerebrosidase towards p-NPG The Michaelis constant (Km) is a measure of the affinity of the enzyme towards the substrate, with smaller values representing greater affinity. Km and the maximum rate (Vmax) of leukocyte GCase were obtained through the Lineweaver-Burk plot (Figure 4) with artificial substrate p-NPG in concentrations from 0.71 mM to2.50 mM. Km and Vmax values for leukocyte GCase using p-NPG as substrate was found to be 12.6 mM and 333 U/mg…

Lab 14/ Test 6: Determination of Acid Dissociation Constants through Titration Sabrina Tom I.Abstract The two unknown solutions A and E were titrated with NaOH solutions. For each solution, one fast and three slow titrations were done to see where the pH rose exponentially. The unknown solutions A and E were determined to be Pyridinium ion acid and oxalic acid, respectively. II.Theories One significant concept throughout this lab is titrations. A titration is a lab method analyzes a…

1. 6 cleaned and dried conical flasks were collected and safely transported to the experimental table. 2. A black marker was used to mark a black cross on a white sheet of paper. This was to help with measuring the time (dependent variable). 3. A thermometer was placed on the table to measure the room temperature. 4. 0.15mol/L sodium thiosulphate solution (Na2S2O3) and 3mol/L hydrochloric acid (HCL) were poured into two separate 50 ml beakers, and the two beakers were transported to the…

Normal standards for specific gravity are as typically as follows: 1.000 to 1.030 is a normal specific gravity, 1.001 after drinking excessive amounts of water, more than 1.030 after not drinking very many fluids and concentrated after receiving an antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Max’s urine concentration varied in concentration each time he was tested. The first test showed that his urine was a pale yellow which was an indication that he was hydrated. The second test showed the concentration to be…

Introduction Density measures the volume that a given amount of mass takes up. Usually, density has grams per unit volume as a unit. To find the density of an object, the object has to be measured and its mass has to be divided by its volume. Often times, density is used to identify substances, since different elements have specific densities. This experiment is made up of two sections; the first section measures the density of water and the density of an unknown substance. If the procedure is…

formation, temperature change, precipitate formation, odor, and change in acidity. In the hot and cold pack experiment we found it to be a chemical reaction An exothermic reaction is when the substance releases heat energy. An endothermic reaction is when the substance absorbs heat energy. In our experiment we created a cold pack. We indicated that the reaction for this experiment would be exothermic. We think this because exothermic is releasing the heat which would make it cold. In our lab…