Skeletal system

Case study one – (Explain how the musculo skeletal system structure is suited to the function it performs. (2.1) Mrs C is pregnant and wants to pick up a ball, describe in depth which parts of the musculo skeletal system are involved in this movement and which structural parts provide support and protection of the vital organs. The musculo skeletal system consists of bones of the skeleton, muscles, cartilage, tendons, ligaments and joints, they all work together to provide the body support,…

• Describe ossification in fetal development. During development, the fetal bones are made up of cartilaginous tissue, which is like osseous tissue, except it is more flexible. The absence of calcium salts in its intercellular spaces makes it less dense. As development continues, the process of the depositing of calcium salts into the cartilaginous tissue occurs, and continues throughout their life. Ossification is the gradual replacement of cartilage and its intercellular substance by bone…

I Anatomy of the shoulder The shoulder joint, as it is commonly called, is not a single joint but a complex arrangement of bones, ligaments and musculotendinous units that called the shoulder girdle. The primary role of the shoulder girdle is to provide a tremendous range of motion for positioning the upper extremity in space. The shoulder girdle also provides power and support for the upper extremity throughout and at the extremes of the range of motion. (19) The…

Briefly identify and discuss bones of the pectoral and pelvic girdles as well as their attached limbs associated with skeleton models found in your text. The pectoral griddle contains: 2 clavicle bones (known as collarbones that brace the scapula and arms making up the shoulder); and 2 scapula bones (known as the shoulder blades functioning as a stabilizer and provides movement of the shoulder). The attachments of the upper extremity from the pectoral area includes: 2 humerus (these are the…

1. What is FOP? Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva is a rare genetic disease in which a person’s bones will begin to form into the muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints and connective tissues. Overtime the development will restrict a person’s movement. It has been described as turning a person into stone because their body is essentially encased by a second skeleton. 2. What are the initial symptoms? Symptoms of Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva, include: an infant being born with short,…

dded (a sub-process called ossi fi cation or bone formation). Remodeling involves continuous removal of discrete packets of old bone, replacement of these packets with newly synthesized proteinaceous matrix, and subsequent mineralization of the matrix to form new bone (FernándezTresguerres-Hernández-Gil et al. 2006; Fraher 1993) . These processes also control the reshaping or replacement of bone during growth and following injuries like fractures but also microdamage (prevents accumulation…

Eunotosaurus have an unusually broad upper body made up of nine pairs of extremely widened ribs that overlap one another. The most front ribs were angled towards the back, while the farthest ribs from the front were angled towards the front. The cross section in the ribs are T-shaped, each having a wide, flat surface on top and a slim ridge running along the length on the opposite side. The surface of the dorsal side is convex, giving the Eunotosaurus its rounded shape. In most cases the ribs…

The biggest differences between the vertebrae in the spine, are shape and secondary functionality. The cervical vertebrae are the smallest, they are the most flexible allowing the biggest range of head movement. The only vertebra containing no vertebral body, the axis, is located in the cervical vertebrae. Thoracic vertebrae are mid sized, and the physical shape of the thoracic vertebrae are the most rigid because they connect the ribcage and torso to the spine. Thoracic vertebrae are the only…

Dental implants are the standard treatment for gaps between teeth. When a gap goes unfilled, the jawbone will begin to lose mass, causing the remaining teeth to shift and tilt. The gums start to disintegrate and the overall oral health of the person becomes very poor. Soon, gum disease and tooth decay begin to form. There are several treatments for gaps, but dental implants actually restore bone loss and look and function like natural teeth. Dental implants are a long-term solution to tooth…

Capitate bone The largest of the carpal bones (sometimes referred to as the os magnum), the capitate sits at the centre of the distal carpal row. A distinctive head shaped bone, it has a protected position in the carpus. The capitate is the site of a number of ligamentous attachments and articulations. Gross anatomy Osteology The capitate sits in a proximo-distal direction, with a waist that is proximal to the transverse midline. The head of the capitate sits proximally into the…