Silicon Valley

Atomic Electronic Chip (APA) Science and technology, these two things go together like a polar bear and ice. One simply cannot exist without the other. With so much pressure on scientists and engineers to build better, more sophisticated technology, there is also a strong emphasis on size. Everyone wants so much more power and performance, but without the bulkiness that inevitably comes with it. Since the first commercially sold cell phone in 1983 (Seward, 2013), advancements in technology have…

title>INTRODUCTION Optical constants (complex refractive index n, complex dielectric function ϵ, and reflection and absorption coefficients R and α) of materials are of great importance for optical metrology in the semiconductor industry.1,2 A high-performance complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor process flow with 11 layers of metal requires about 75 photolayers and may contain up to 100 thickness measurements, most of them performed using spectroscopic ellipsometry.3 This technique has…

Electronic materials is very useful in today 's world, they can be used almost in all field. There are a lot of electronic materials produced every day, like semiconductor, Piezoelectric and ferroelectric materials, magnetic material etc. This lab is more concentrate on the electronic resistivity with the changing of annealing time. And XRD can help people figure out the grain size of the sample, and find the rule of the electronic resistivity with the changing of annealing time. Introduction…

A novel synthesis method to prepare Si3N4 nanowires from the amorphous silicon nitride (a-Si3N4) powder synthesized by low-temperature vapor-phase reaction method was investigated. Highly crystallized α-Si3N4 nanowires were synthesized from the heat-treatment of a-Si3N4 powder under ammonia atmosphere. The surface of the nanowires was smooth and clean without any attached particles. The thickness of the nanowires was in the range ~200–300 nm with the lengths of tens of micrometers. The…

benefits, but it still remains a useful element. Chemical Properties Germanium is the thirty-second element in the periodic table represented with the symbol Ge. It is located in the fourth period under group fourteen. Along with other elements like Silicon and Arsenic, Germanium is a metalloid. As a metalloid, Germanium shares characteristics of both metals and non-metals. This is what makes Germanium a semi-conductor. Meaning, that under certain circumstances it can carry an electrical charge.…

3.4. Ternary systems MgO-SF-QF (MgO-SiO2-Quartz fillers) 3.4.1. Effect of crushed quartz filler on water reduction The idea of adding crushed quartz filler to M-S-H binder is inherited from replacement of Portland cement with quartz filler to improve the rheology of cement paste [25] due to the less water absorption and smooth texture of finely ground quartz particles. Fig. 9 described water reduction effect as adding crushed quartz filler (QF) to MgO-SiO2 binary system to maintain a fixed flow…

Home Means Nevada “All For Our Country” Nevada was the 36th state to become part of the union. It became a state on October 31, 1864. Maybe that’s where Halloween came from. The state colors are blue and silver. Nevada goes by many names, you may know it best as the Silver State, but it is also nicknamed the Sagebrush State and the Battle Born State. The state flower of Nevada is the Big Sagebrush which grows in the desert and rangelands of Nevada. Native Americans used to use Sagebrush for…

Nobody on earth would deny free stuff and if so only a fool would. Costly bills on the table has to be the ugliest thing you have ever laid eyes on. The use of solar energy has given society an opportunity to turn their fat heavy bills into a much slimmer, thinner, and lighter bill. Electricians install solar equipment around the world to help people produce their own energy for free. Remember that you are the dumbest person on earth if you don’t like free stuff. Switching to solar energy is the…

Fig. 6 shows the results of air permeability, total water absorption, and voids. R mortars had lower permeability than the mortars with WTS. Air permeability of R was 1.13 x 10-13 m², a value 5 times higher than L60. The air permeability increased with increasing WTS content. The water absorption values ranged from 10.6% to 13.7%, and the voids from 9.6% to 12%. The results show that WTS replacement increased the porosity and permeability of geopolymer mortars. The geopolymer binders with WTS…

This experiment helped the team to get a better grasp on what conditions affect solar panels and which ones are able to work best and most efficient. With the rise of popularity and technology of solar panels it’s important to understand which conditions affect the efficiency of the solar panel. The conditions tested on the solar panel were various applied resistances, power output between a flat solar panel and “fisheye” solar panel, incident light angle,and efficiency of each solar panel. The…