Shale

Fracturing is defined as a process by which fractures in the rocks below the Earth's surface are opened and widened by injecting sand and/or chemicals at high pressure to extract natural gas or oil ("What is Fracking?"). Fracking is used to extract shale gas, tight sand gas, tight sand oil, and coal seam gas (better known as methane). Hydraulic fracturing is a relatively older extraction process; however, it has been gaining controversy lately over the issues of water contamination, possible…

The Cambrian Period was an era filled with a massive explosion of a variety of animals and ecosystems. It was a time where super continent Pannotia no longer existed. During this time period, North America remained above water and was eroded by running water. North American was also on the equator which meant warm climate. The continents were oriented very differently, the east coast of North America faced the south. Activities such as transgression of the sea, and carbonate deposition went on…

compared to the renewable energy sources due to the fact that they are composed of carbon and hydrogen molecules. Storing and transporting the fuels are also easier than renewable energy. North America as a whole are becoming more involved in the shale gas reserve as a resource. “North America has sufficient natural gas that can be produced at reasonable…

New York exists on bedrock that tells a tale of millions of years ago, going as far back as the late Mesoproterozoic (1.6 to 1 billion years ago). The layers that make up this bedrock show the conditions of the earth’s surface through many different orogenies, which are times of high grade metamorphism and where plate tectonics makes its biggest changes. The Fordham gneiss was formed a billion years ago (oldest) during the Grenville orogeny (Precambrian) which featured sediment deposits and…

Honorable Andrew M. Cuomo Governor of New York State NYS State Capitol Building Albany, NY 12224 September 30 2015 Dear Mr. Cuomo, I know that you have been bombarded time and time again about whether or not to allow hydro fracking in the Marcellus shale in the state of New York. Although a member on the board of a company with hydrofracking skills, I am split with the idea of hydro fracking. Both sides’ present solidifying arguments and I clearly understand the advantages and disadvantages’…

"There's the drilling and they're dealing with people who are coming and taking leases," he said. "Obviously, these issues will affect the southern part of the state, but they are not affecting it right now." The Marcellus and Utica shales goes from West Virginia to southern New York and includes parts of eastern Ohio. According to the plaintiffs, EQT deducted as much as 30 percent from landowners' royalty payments to cover post-production expenses such as transportation and processing…

When confronted with an obstacle, the easiest and the most efficient way to achieve a resolution is always the most desired; however, when assessing the act of fracking, it may be one hole that should not be drilled. Fracking is the process of using hydraulic machinery to access oil and gas in areas of the Earth’s crust that are otherwise hard to retrieve. Where there are some benefits to using this system, the consequences of fracking are far more catastrophic to our environment. Ethically,…

nineties. A hydraulic fracturing and combined with horizontal drilling. Fracking is the reason why America is having an energy revolution right now. Fracking is letting the U.S. tap vast oil and natural gas reserves that previously were locked away in shale and other tight-rock formations. Up to ninety five percent of natural gas wells drilled in the next decade will require hydraulic fracturing. Hydraulic fracturing also is being used to stimulate new production from older wells.…

Article 71: Wind Turbines have always been a threat to birds who get killed by the blades of these turbines and the writer tries to explain how appalling this situation is for the environment in this article. The writer highlights how the U.S. Fish and Wildlife is seeking a public comment on a permit proposed for Shiloh IV wind project that will allow a wind project to kill up to five golden eagles over a five-year period, despite their protected status. Another double standard the writer puts…

Fracking is the process of extracting gas from below the earth’s surface using water, sand, and chemical additives. Fracking allows companies to extract thousands of gallons of oil per well from once deemed unusable shale. However, only recently have people been made more environmentally conscious and are beginning to question whether fracking can harm the environment. With little studies proving the safety or hazardness of fracking and its byproducts, regulations should be put in place that…