Sextus Julius Frontinus

“With these grand structures, so numerous and indispensable, carrying so many waters, who indeed would compare the idle Pyramids or other useless, although renowned, works of the Greeks?” – Sextus Frontius in reference to Pliny. “It must be admitted, this is the greatest wonder the world has ever seen” – Pliny, NH XXXVI, 24, 123 Ancient Rome is famously known for its intricate water management systems such as its baths, artificial pools, reservoirs, irrigation channels and other similar facilities. They were considered one of the marvels of the ancient world and earned Rome the name “Regina Aquarum” - Queen of the Waters. An analysis of the construction of the aqueducts reveals the impact they had on the Roman lifestyle in the city of Rome…

These artworks from the Roman Republic and Empire, 509 BCE- 313 BCE, titled Pont du Gard in France by an Unknown artist, Coliseum in Rome by an Unknown artist, Pantheon, Rome by unknown artist also and the Basilica of Maxentius Constantine by an unknown artist as well. This architectural works led to the creation of some new architectural works and ideas such as: arch, Vault Concrete dome and Basilica plan just to mention few. Am aqueduct is an ancient invention of the Greeks that was used…

As we turn to the issue of atheism, I believe some framework is necessary. Atheism is typically defined as a lack of belief in God and it is in the definition of God that the issue arises. Clearly, the two philosophers have a different definition of the word God. As hopefully made clear in the second and third paragraph, Spinoza thinks that God is an impersonal summation of all things (i.e. substance), while Berkeley thinks that God is a personal, thinking thing responsible for but distinct from…

Shakespeare points out near the beginning of the story that Beauty can overtake a man’s will and blind in his pursuing it, him by writing “Beauty itself doth of itself persuade, the eyes of men without an orator” (Shakespeare 29-31). Silently, beauty calls to a man, and makes him set aside all cares about morality in his efforts to obtain that beauty for himself. Tarquin may have been ensnared by Lucrece’s love, but Lucrece herself does not return the feeling which is captured in the analysis of…

Stonewall Riots The prominent philosopher Slavoj Zizek breaks down the standard definition of violence into a two-part cause and effect system. In his novel, Violence, he categorizes violence as either being “subjective”, i.e. the more physical and literal examples of violence, such as murder, riots, and similar acts, or “objective”, the systematic or metaphorical violence that has caused the subjective violence, such as systematic oppression by the government or similar controlling bodies. The…

During the life and times of William Shakespeare, prophecy held heavy influence over the Elizabethan people. The term prophecy represented the only certain method of predicting future events; Shakespeare uses this fact to his advantage in The Tragedy of Julius Caesar. Throughout the play, prophecy is utilized to aid in the development of primary characters such as Caesar, Casca, Cassius, and Brutus that will in turn emphasize important events in the tragedy. Until he is assassinated, Julius…

laticlavus was second in charge of his legion. The Tribunus Angusticlavius was an officer that held five to a legion. The Tribunus Rufulus was a tribune officer chosen by the legion commander. The Tribunus Vacanas was a member of the general’s staff. The Tribunus Cohortis was a commander of a cohort, a section of the legion consisting of six centuries. The Tribunus Cohortis Urbane was the commander of the urban cohort, the equivalent of Military Police in Roman times. Lastly, the…

be the main focus. Purposely this time period because everyone commonly associates the famous Julius Caesar with Rome. Julius Caesar is one of the most successful emperors in the world. This paper will discuss the challenges faced between Caesar’s family feud, the uprising of Julius Caesar while Rome expands into an extremely powerful empire, and some elements of the Roman architecture and art. In order to get a sense of Julius Caesar we must first start with his early life. Julius Caesar was…

This essay will discuss the conquering of Upper Egypt 200 year ruling and adaptation of the Hyksos over Egypt, during the second intermediate period. At the end of the twelfth dynasty after the reign of Sobekkare, there was a short time(period) where Egypt had no ruler because there was no heir to the throne. Unexpectedly from a region East to (of) Egypt, invaders of unknown ethnicity marched into Egypt with confidence.” They easily seized it without striking a blow”(Van Seters p.15). According…

The First Folio of the play Julius Caesar was published in 1623, by the amiable William Shakespeare. The play sets in 44 B.C., ancient Rome. Julius Caesar an accomplished Roman general has returned from his trip to Spain to defeat his political opponent Pompey (Shakespeare). With Pompey dead, Caesar’s friend Brutus is somewhat concerned about his next move to power. With the poisonous words of Cassius, Brutus’ friend, Brutus convinces himself that Caesar is on an inevitable road to becoming a…