Sertoli cell

Previous works have established that RA functions in the patterning of the anterior-posterior positional identities of central nervous system (Holland and Holland, 1996, Escriva et al., 2002, Schubert, 2004, 2005, 2006 and Koop et al., 2010). It can be depicted from the results that the p-test indicates a significant difference between the experimental and control subjects. This means that the retinoic acid, which was added to the experimental group only , have adversely affected the…

partial amounts of the toxicity are due to a gain in function by the protein. When this occurs, the TDP-43 protein has usually shifted its location from the nucleus to throughout the cytoplasm of the cell. This abnormal accumulation of TDP-43 in the cytoplasm is not only found in neurons and glial cells of the primary motor cortex but as well as in brainstem motor nuclei, the spinal cord, and in certain associated white matter tracts (Mackenzie et al 2010). It is at this point that TDP-43…

to old age has been theorized to target developmental genes, including those associated with disease risk factors and cancer itself. Hypomethylation has also been observed in the genomes of cancer cells, with the only instances of hypermethylation occurring in genes controlling tumor cell invasion and cell cycle control. Based on current research, it would…

contains 8088 base pairs, 23 exons, and translates into a protein that is 2696 amino acids long (Faravelli, 2005). This gene, along with the rest of the NSD family, have been found to be strongly linked to cell growth and differentiation (Faravelli, 2005).…

various structures of the mitochondria (Giezen, Page 1). Early scientist posted numerous theories of the origin of mitochondria. One of these theories was that specific organelles were bacterial symbionts that had taken up residence inside eukaryotic cells (Giezen, Page 1). After the discovery of mitochondria serious disagreements between scientist contributed to a near fifty year abstinence of conducting studies on mitochondria. Once the fifty year abstinence stopped, research on…

Cloning has started around the 1950’s and is still currently going on today. Human cloning of any kind should be banned; the thought that humans have the resources to create and produce life is disturbing; scientists imitating creation is beyond me and unethical. “cloning for the replication of human individuals is ethically unacceptable and contrary to human dignity and integrity” ( Birnbacher 2005). Cloning can also lead to lead to abnormal development, diseases, and short life span”.…

From vampires to the holy grail we all have heard stories about immortality. These stories stem from the natural human desire to live a long life. For centuries extending human life has been the goal of many scientists. All throughout history scientist have tried making a serum that can cure death. It was not until recently that researchers discovered that manipulating human genes is possible. The article “The Cure for Aging” discusses these genetic manipulations that can prolong people’s lives.…

Previously we were taught that our DNA is what make us unique. But what if I told you that our DNA didn’t do all the work? There is a protein in our bodies that makes our DNA coding complete and it’s called an epigenome. There are two proteins that make up one protein of a epigenome and they are histones. They are wrapped around the DNA and the Methyl group that are attached to it. Of course we are taught that our DNA makes up who we are as far as characteristics; However, epigenetics explain…

INTRODUCTION Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is the most common inherited neurological disorder, affecting 1 in every 2500 people.1 The disease attacks the peripheral nervous system, progressively reducing nerve conduction speed in the body’s extremities resulting in gradual muscle weakness, sensory loss, and muscle atrophy.2 Affected individuals in the initial stages of the disease suffer from feet and hand deformities that limit function and sensation. Moreover, in advanced cases patients…

In the reading, the author claims that existence of the actual tissue in dinosaur fossil is not implausible by pointing out three different explanations in favor of this statement due to the perusing regarding T.rex leg bone. However, finding all the ideas dubious, the lecturer totally repudiates the claim and presents some conspicuous evidence to the contrary. At first, the author argues that the soft flexible substance inside the bone channel may indicate residue of the real blood vessels in T…