Serotonin

In the world of psychiatry nearly all drugs in use today were created between 1950 and 1969. It’s hard to imagine with so many drug commercials on TV revealing new and groundbreaking products, that the same products being advertised today were actually created based on chemistry performed more than 60 years ago (Klein, p.259, 2014). The reason behind this is simple. The creation of new drugs based on finding new molecular entities is extremely costly. For the Federal Drug Administration (FDA)…

depression is a serious affliction. Typically, the chemicals serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine are the neurotransmitters…

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) are a class of a drugs that are used to treat psychiatric disorders (Hetirck, et aL. 1). The most common use for SSRIs are for major depressive orders and anxiety. Many Americans commonly use SSRIs to help with moderate to severe symptoms that present in a patient with a mental illness. Due to the beneficial properties found in SSRIs, they are used to treat the brains affected areas, repair nerve damage, and improve overall wellbeing. In simpler…

manipulate serotonin, and norepinephrine pathways through reuptake inhibition. These antidepressants are characterized by low levels of tolerability, and are rarely prescribed. Monoamine oxidase a inhibitors (MAOIs) increase synaptic monoamine availability. The issues of MAOIs arose from the avoidance of food with high levels of tryptophan/tyrosine because a possible potential for hypertensive crises, or, a sudden surge of serotonin, and impaired synaptic processing. SSRIs, or selective…

slows down the secretion of cortisol. Furthermore serotonin is a neurotransmitter that is often found at a lower level in the brain of depressives. It is often the case that raised levels of cortisol lead to lowered levels of serotonin so the depression may be a cause of an interaction between the two. Evidence for a lowered level of serotonin causing depression comes from the effectiveness of anti depressant drugs such as Prozac, which increases serotonin activity whilst reducing the depressive…

metabolism with serotonin, melatonin and tryptophan. 5HTP has been used over the counter for relief of minor and major depression since the late 1970 's especially in Europe. 5-HTP is the main precursor in the brain for the portion of Serotonin. The main studies that have shown the importance of this nuero transmitter have been related to treating dysphoria after use of the street drug extract or MDMA. Significant studies in rats showed that increasing dietary 5-HTP helped increase serotonin…

Therapy is a great way of treatment for people struggling with depression. Medication is another form of treatment for the depressed, it is easy for the patient to become addicted. Once the depressed are done taking their medication they may not want to quit. Their antidepressants made them feel better so once the medicine is gone they may begin to feel empty again or as if they are missing something, Depression is more than just a sad mood. Almost 20% of Americans who suffer from depression…

such as avoidance, re-experiencing, and hyperarousal. SSRIs are tolerable and have few side effects. Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors block the reuptake of the neurotransmitters. SNRIs such as duloxetine, venlafaxine, and desvenlafaxine act by preventing the reuptake of the neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine (Greenberg, 2012). High concentrations of extracellular serotonin and norepinephrine can improve mood and decreased depressive symptomatology (Greenberg, 2012). The…

NEUROTRANSTITTOR AND PERCEPTION 1. Describe how neurons communicate with each other through electrical and chemical processes. The human brain has two types of cells, neurons and glial cells. For a simplistic description, the glial cells are like the neuron maintenance cells, they are necessary to keep the neuron insulated and waste free, allowing the neuron to be more efficient in their job. “Glial cells also appear to influence the formation of synapses and to aid in determining which…

SSRI stands for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. It is a drug prescribed to treat depression, anxiety disorders, panic attacks and personality disorders by manipulating particular neurotransmitting systems regulating such as serotonin, a brain chemical which regulates mood as well as appetite and mood. Serotonin is naturally produced in the body and kept at a certain level, but SSRIs can increase at level by blocking (inhibiting) the reabsorption (reuptake) of serotonin. Once considered a…