Second Persian invasion of Greece

Introduction The Persian Wars were a series of conflicts involving the Persian Empire and many Greek city-states spanning from c.499-449 BCE. The conflict began around 499 BCE when Greek city-states in Anatolia, client states of the Persian Empire, rose in open rebellion against the Empire. Following the Persian Empire defeating the rebellion in 493 BCE, numerous conflicts would be fought between Persia and the Greek city-states until 449 BCE. The Greeks ―utilizing superior training, tactics, and Persian mistakes― were ultimately able to defeat the much larger Persian Empire. Greek superiority in the Persian Wars is best illustrated by three stages of the Wars: the first invasion of the Greek mainland, the second invasion of the Greek mainland, and the Greek counterattack into the Persian Empire (Delian Wars). Ultimately ending with the Peace of Callias in 449 BCE, the Greek states ended the Persian domination of the region. First Invasion of Greek Mainland Following the end of the Ionian Revolt, the Persian Empire sought to invade mainland Greece. Pagden writes that “Darius now began to gather a vast army from all the peoples who owed him allegiance.” Speaking to the prowess of the Persian Army, Peter Green writes “That Juggernaut, the Persian war-machine -- nothing so formidable had appeared since the collapse of the Assyrian empire.” The Persian Army, under General Mardonius, first moved in 492 BCE conquering Thrace and Macedon without much resistance but was delayed…

In the 5th century B.C the Persian Wars raged the Mediterranean in attempt to conquer Greece. The Greek history was a series of battles fought between the Greece and Persia from 499 BC to 479 BC. The Persians were successful at invading but never conquered Greece. The Persian Empire was the largest and most powerful empire in the world and Greece had many cities states including the two main powerful states who were Athens and Sparta. This event all started when a few Greek city states who were…

battle pushed back the Persians for the time being, saved the city of Athens, and bought time for the Greek city-states to re-organize, preventing Greece and the rest of Europe from being subjugated under Persian rule. This unexpected triumph by the Athenians during the Battle of Marathon was pivotal in shaping Western Europe and positioning Europe to be a major power throughout history. The Battle of Marathon was vital to the survival of Athens. After all, the invasion by the Persians was a…

The Persian wars also referred to as Greco-Persian wars were a series of conflicts between the Achaemenid Empire of Persia and the Greek city states that lasted between 499 BC and 449 BC. The fight was most intense on two occasions when Persia launched invasions against Greece between 490 and 479 BC. During the fights Persia was at the peak of its strength and they were able to strategically attack Greece, which on the other hand mounted collective defense against the attacks and were able to…

He would convince Athens to increase their sea power and build a fleet of 100 triremes by using the profits from the newly discovered silver line found in state owned mines of Laurium. In 480 BCE he commanded the Battle of Salamis. During this battle he would send a false message convincing the Persian Navy that he was wanting to switch sides that drew the fleet into the narrow Straits of Salamis. This tactical move allowed the Athenian Navy to overcome the Persian fleet causing a major turn in…

battle of Thermopylae. It also touches on a detailed analysis on the tactics that were used by some of the Greece and Persian armies as well as the extent to which the tactics were successful. The paper also explains how and why the Persians won the battle and why the Greeks got most of the credit. The other aspect that has been addressed is the impact of the battle on the society as well as the government. In regards to the society, the paper has touched on critical aspects such as how Greece…

Themistocles thought it would be wise to fight the Persian fleet in a limited amount of space considering that the Greek ships were far smaller and less protected compared to the Persians, so he convinced Xerxes that attacking near the island of Salamis would lead to his ensured victory by sending him a letter stating that the Greeks were discouraged and ready to surrender. Xerxes believed that sending his fleet to the straits east of Salamis and off the coast of Athens would easily enable his…

battle between the Greeks and the Persians. Thermopylae was a mountain pass which led to many Greek cities. It was a part of the second invasion of the Persian Empire. The Persians invaded Greek cities to control more land. The Persian Empire was led by Xerxes, he ordered the attack. The Greeks cities fought against the Persians, the most know was Sparta. Sparta only had 300 solders called Spartans. The Spartans fought as a single unit, they were led by King Leonidas. Leonidas I lead the 300…

The two most definitely powerful city-states became Athens and Sparta, and it was only a matter of time before they came to bump heads in the next major war of Greece: the Peloponnesian war. This war also involved alliances, but those of the most destructive kind. These alliances pitted a common people against each other when Athens’ and Sparta’s rivalry over the control of Greece dissolved the entire nation into civil war. From 431 to 404 BC a series of attacks raged between the Peloponnesus…

started/background Marathon Thermopylae Salamis Plataea After the war Legacies Persian/Greco-Persian Wars - 492-449 BC Between Greece and Persia Most intense fighting - 490-479 BC Persia 2 invasions against Greece Darius ruled Persia 522-486 BC Expanding rapidly, especially into Europe, Ionia, Thrace, Macedonia Wanted to take over Greece next (Athens) Ionia - rebelled against Persian satrap 500-494 BC known as Ionian Rebellion Satrap - provincial governor in ancient Persia Failure Athens and…