Second Congo War

in North America, Britain, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, the Caribbean and South Africa. It is also used in many former British colonies as a second language; one of them is Nigeria. In line with the Kachru’s model of English users, there are three circles, namely; inner circle, users in this circle are endo-normative,…

spoken or written language that has been produced in the course of real communication (Nunan, 1999). According to Kasper (1997), authentic second language input is essential for pragmatic learning, but it does not secure successful pragmatic development. Many researchers have stated that noticing or consciousness is a prerequisite for the acquisition of second language pragmatic features (Kasper & Schmidt, 1996 & Schmidt, 1990). According to Ellis (2003), noticing is a way through which input is…

students are allowed to choose between the Chinese track (Hanwen ban) and Tibetan track (Zangwen ban). For example, should the student opt for Tibetan track, Tibetan would be their language of instruction for most subjects while Chinese is taught as the second language only. After six years of basic education in Tibetan track, the student’s Chinese proficiency would be equal to that of a third-grader . In fact, this has always been a recipe of minzu education for not only Tibetan minority but…

For example, schools in Spain offer English as a second language, and schools in Kuwait (government schools) require students to take English as one of their main courses. Most of the students speak Arabic as a first language and learn English in school. On the other hand, those who attend English or American…

included 20 participants with Hindi as L1 and Group 2 included 20 participants with Hindi/English as L2. All the participants were proficient and comfortable in using both the languages. All the participants were graduate students. The Australian second Language Proficiency Rating was administered for the…

speakers, it has become a lingua franca. A lingua franca can be defined as “a language widely adopted for communication between two speakers whose native languages are different from each other’s and where one or both speakers are using it as a ‘second language’.“ English seems to be one of the main languages of international communication, and even people who are not speakers of English often know words such as bank, computer, hotel, hospital, piano, radio, taxi, television and walkman.…

The English language now days considered as Global language, because it is used in almost everything. It has been used in technology, education, employment and scientific communication. This essay will include three primary questions to answer it and analyze, Why English is a global language and when it started? Regarding to answer this question we will need to speak about numbers and some historical dates, starting in England moving to America, Canada, Caribbean and Africa and we are going to…

Languages have different aspects and characteristics that may establish their own identity from other languages used all around the world. One of these aspects is the phonological properties of these languages. Languages share a content common to all people; however, they differ with regard to their specific and nation-dependent phonetic means used to express it. These phonetic means grant a particular sound to each language. A phonetic system is usually based on segmental units: phonemes,…

assessed 565 million people use it on the internet” said Tsedal Neeley (Neeley). There are nearby to 385 million native speakers in countries like Australia and United State (Neeley). Also, millions of people around the world who have studied it as a second language. Many may feel at a disadvantage if their English is not good as others. English will almost be the common ground to survive and prosper in a worldwide economy and companies must overcome language…

“Language is the capacity to gain and utilize complex frameworks of correspondence, especially the human capacity to do as such, and a language is a particular case of such a framework. The logical investigation of language is called linguistics” Estimating the quantity of languages in the world vary between 5,000 and 7,000. Common languages are talked or marked, however any language can be encoded into auxiliary media utilizing sound-related, visual, or material jolts. For instance, in…