Scientific misconduct

Social problems are collective sentiments rather than simple mirrors of objective conditions (Hilgartner and Bosk 1988, p. 54). They are also putative conditions or situations that are labeled problems in the arenas of public discourse and action (Hilgartner and Bosk 1988, p. 55). The theoretical propositions that are key in the public arenas model are the preliminaries, carrying capacity, dynamics of competition, principles of selection, feedback, and communities of operatives. The Michael Brown incident in Ferguson, Missouri features all six propositions. The propositions also aid the reader in viewing racial profiling with an educated viewpoint, showing how and why Michael Brown is the only victim of police harassment and brutality to be mentioned in mainstream news since Trayvon Martin in late 2012. In the preliminary portion of the propositions, the social problem society is dealing with is racial profiling. A social problem is a putative condition or situation that actors label a “problem” in the arenas of public discourse and action, defining it as harmful and framing its definition in particular ways (p. 70). Racial profiling has indeed been harmful, as young minorities have been harassed by the police a number of times (Brunson and Miller 2006). There are some instances in which the victims of the harassment are physically abused by the police, as they have been thrown on the ground, kicked, choked, amongst other violent acts (p. 545). The level of attention…

What is police brutality? In most cases police brutality varies on where you live. Police brutality refers to the intentional usage of verbal assault or excessive force directed towards citizens by the police force. This excessive force may be physical or in form of psychological intimidation. Police brutality is highly evident in many countries all over the world especially in the news where such cases are reported. Police brutality is seen as a form of misconduct which involves sexual abuse,…

“successfully” closed after convicting the innocent based on little or no reliable evidence. There are two types of forensic misconduct: deliberate and inadvertent. In the case of deliberate evidence misconduct, the forensic expert makes error on purpose. An inadvertent, on opposite, is unintentional error, which is more common (Loewy, 2007, p. 142). The ways of voluntary forensic evidence mishandling can include destroying or altering evidence. But when it comes to inadvertent errors,…

Civil disobedience techniques are commonly used as passive forms of protest. These demonstrations have the intention of existing in peace; however, they ultimately invite chaos. Due to the resentment of “abuse of power” present in society, police officials are presented with a challenge. It’s disheartening that society has been exposed to the issue of police brutality routinely. Law enforcement officials are regularly facing charges due to their excessive force on innocent civilians,…

brutalize, strike, mishandle, and much murder citizens speaks to a disappointment of preventive measures. Criminal law can punish and, in a few examples, discourage police violence, however it can 't constrain essential change in how a division is run, managed, drove, and made responsible. According to Marilynn Johnson, antibrutality activists demanded that police responsibility and free oversight must be fortified. In 1998, Human Rights Watch loaned support for this view when it…

less-lethal weapons, which is a weapon that is designed to disable, capture, or immobilize a suspect, but not kill them. 4. Police misconduct can be a troubling part of policing. Police officers are people, people who have different views, thoughts and backgrounds, all of which comes into play with misconduct. Racial-profiling is any police-initiated action that relies on the race, ethnicity, national origin, sexual orientation, gender or religion, rather than the behavior of an individual or…

Police brutality is one of the most serious and divisive human rights violations in the United States and it occurs in every community. The job of a police officer is to maintain public order, prevent, and detect crime. Police brutality refers to the use of excessive force against a civilian. Author, Jerome Skolnick, an influential police scholar in the United States, stated in his book that, “as long as members of society do not comply with the law and resist the police, force will remain an…

in the New York Times. Mr. Burnham’s article was sourced by 2 NYPD officers, Frank Serpico and David Durk that had previously tried to report the corruption to supervisors with no results. Serpico and Durk became frustrated with the corruption and finally made a complaint to the District Attorney’s office. Finally tired of seeing the corruption occurring they approached David Burnham with their story. On April 25, 1970, the article about the corrupt activities of the NYPD appeared on the front…

Breaches of policy cover a range of behaviors, but most revolve around the idea of misconduct. Examples of misconduct are fabrication of data, falsification of data, destruction of research records, plagiarism, invalid authorship, inadequate acknowledgment, and mismanagement of conflicts of interest. The bulk of the Framework’s scope revolves around the idea of breaches (e.g., what they are, how to move forward in the event of a breach, who’s responsible for what, etc.). In its relatively short…

force put upon a person that was not necessarily needed. For an example, there are people who are committing crimes and violating the law, but yet whenever they get caught or something happens to them they say that the officer used wrongful force towards them. There are so many different situations in which no one knows what really happened. Also, the media takes a toll on the situations and make them out to be more than what they really were. Nobody can really believe anything they hear because…