burdens may be extremely complex. Patz et al. (2005a) list several diseases as high priority for their large global burden of disease and their high sensitivity to ecological change. For the tropics, these include malaria across most systems; schistosomiasis and lymphatic filariasis in cultivated and inland water systems in the tropics; dengue fever in tropical urban centres; leishmaniasis and Chagas disease in forest and dryland systems; meningitis in the Sahel; and cholera in coastal,…
This is one way in which energy is transferred between organisms in an ecosystem. The energy is used for a number of life processes. In a food chain only around 10 per cent of the energy is passed on to the next level. The rest of the energy passes out of the food chain in a number of ways: 1. via heat energy 2. is used for life processes (for example movement) 3. uneaten parts that pass to decomposers 4. is excreted and passes to decomposers. As less energy is transferred at each level…