Schistosoma mansoni

Filtration of urine using Millipore filters (Dazo and Biles, 1974), Nucleopore filters, Nytrel filters or filter papers is the typical method for detecting excreted Schistosoma haematobium eggs (Peters et al., 1976). II) Immunological diagnosis: These methods are sensitive and specific, and useful in confirming the diagnosis (Bergquist, 1990). These tests are all time consuming and require a laboratory well equipped with proper instruments and trained persons (Xiang et al., 2003). Detection of circulating Antigens for Diagnosis of Schistosomiasis: Van Dam et al. (2004), developed reagent strip for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis. It was based on parasite antigen detection in urine of infected people. The test…

is second only to malaria in the number of people the disease disables or kills around the world(LAPA***). It is a tropical disease that is a major source of morbidity and mortality for developing countries in Africa, South America, the Caribbean, the Middle East, and Asia (LAPA***). In these endemic areas, there are no resources for access of fresh drinking water and adequate sanitation. Therefore, human feces are the main source for spreading of Schistosomiasis. The causative agent of…

host immunity homologues, but the function of others remain unknown (45). The most abundant protein group found in HES is to the highly divergent venom allergen-like (VAL) proteins, containing 25 identified homologues (46,47). These are related to the Ancylostoma secreted proteins (ASPs), a family also known as SCP/TAPS proteins, and is widely expressed among different parasitic helminths (43,48,49). The VAL proteins present a conserved structure around a single or two tandem SCP domains…