Scanning electron microscope

loosely held electron from one mole of gaseous atoms to produce one mole of gaseous ions each with a charge of +1. The first ionisation decreases as you go down a group. This is because the electrons are getting further away from the nucleus meaning it is easier to remove the outer electron. There is also less shielding thus allowing the outer electron to be removed much more easily. As you go down the group the number of inner shells increases therefore the distance of the outer electrons from…

In today’s day and age, plastic surgery is extremely popular, especially breast augmentations. About 4% of women in America get breast augmentation each year. One of the options for breast augmentation is silicon implants. That being said I wanted to learn more about silicon and what people are putting in their bodies. Silicon is an element a pure substance that can’t be broken down. Silicon was first discovered in 1824 by a Swedish chemist named Jons Jacob Berzelius. This element is the second…

flow of electrons move towards the largest positive terminal. The reason why copper is a good conductor is because it is able to lose electrons in its outer shell, and become slightly positive. The combination of the electrons repelling each other, and their attraction towards both the slightly positive copper atoms and positive terminal lead to the electrons bouncing off of the copper atoms. This is called electrical resistance. However, at low temperatures, usually near 10 kelvin, electrons…

Gamma ray bursts (GRBs) are beams of energy in the form of gamma rays that are beamed out of the poles of a collapsing star, these are formed from very intense explosions in distant galaxies. GRBs are the brightest known electromagnetic events in the universe. They can last just a few milliseconds, or hours. The burst is often followed by an afterglow, which is emitted at longer wavelengths. We have been able to learn a lot of what we know about GRBs from afterglow. We can measure how far away…

Electrons are small negatively charged particles that are found in the electron cloud of an atom. These electrons repel other negatively charged particles and are attracted to positively charged particles. They are important because they play a major role in creating chemical bonds between atoms and contribute to its mass. A scientist by the name of Robert Andrews Millikan won a Nobel Prize for his study and finding of the charge of an electron. His findings greatly helped the scientific…

From the times of the ancient Greeks to modern day, scientist have argued the concepts behind matter. During the time of Aristotle, philosophers created scientific theories based on logic alone, eliminating all scientific evidence. This is when Democritus proposed his theory. Later, Dalton proposed his theory after completing experiments about matter. Democritus's theory was the theory of atomos. He claimed that atomos were particles so small that they could no longer be divided. Democritus…

Since neon is a noble gas, it has a full outer shell, which means that neon has 8 electrons in each shell and neon has a total of 2 shells. Neon has 3 isotopes and has the electron shell configuration of [ He ] 2s22p6. (“Neon,” 2000). Chemical Reactivity The noble gases are sometimes called the inert gases. This name comes from the fact that these elements do not react straight…

At the water molecule occurs the covalent bond. Hydrogen has an inferior electronegativity compared with oxygen.4 Oxygen attracted the negatively charged electrons, and it makes the oxygen has a negative charge. 4 The opposite applies to hydrogen, and makes it has a positive…

contributed to the quantum theory by using Planck 's original theories to establish the idea of the photoelectric effect. This was the act of electrons emit from metals after being radiated. By observing this, he could tell the energy of the electrons by changing the frequency of the radiation. The higher the frequency, or energy level, the more electrons were…

of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons are positively charged subatomic particles with a relative mass of one. Neutrons are neutrally charged subatomic particles with a relative mass of one as well. The nucleus contains both the protons and the neutrons. Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles with a relative mass of 1/200. Though protons and neutrally differ drastically in size, their relatives charges are equal. Protons have a charge of +1 and electrons a charge of -1.…