Roman Missal

two speeches regarding the same topic that are presented to the public. Both Mark Antony and Brutus delivered speeches after the death of Julius Caesar, consisting of their opinion and explanation of what has happened and why, for the needs of the Roman people. Both of the speeches have a very distinct and different purpose, and appealed to different mental senses of the crowd (Ethos, Logos, and Pathos). As Mark Antony 's words were favored and followed, riots broke out and Rome was…

Imagine someone wanting to win a competition so much they would curse an opponent or animal to gain the advantage in the event. In ancient Rome, the circus was a very popular competitive event where such curses existed. Roman chariot racing had the largest crowds, and existed for a long span of time (Kyle 292). The charioteers, as well as spectators, were superstitious, and sought supernatural powers for assistance in the outcome of the chariot race by inscribing curses on lead tablets against…

Human Nature The oldest recorded civilization that we know of so far has to begin with ancient civilizations, Egypt and Mesopotamia. The approximate record of their once rising and thriving civilization has been dated back to 3500 B.C. which was known as the Paleolithic Age (Perry, 2014, P. 5). This would be when the birth of human habits, beliefs, and the start of evolving as one to today’s humans compared to thousands of years ago. During these times before 0 B.C., is when things started…

top notch intellect and stern objectives. He is seen as a savior by his supporters and treated in awe as a second Hannibal by his foes (Mayor, Mithradates p. 34). He foresaw a great Eastern empire to compete with Rome. He massacred eighty thousand Romans in 88 BC and after that captured Greece and the current Turkey. He fought some of…

Crassus and Pompey. Eventually Caesar took total control and was eventually even offered Emperorship of Rome by the Senate because he was such a good leader, but Caesar declined . Caesar was not interested in total power but wanted to better the Roman people. Now that there is a little back-story of each of these men it is quite obvious of why Julius Caesar and Alexander the Great have greater representation than King Leonidas of Sparta and Cato the elder. Even though the Greek Plutarch wrote…

eventually become the commoners’ dream. To properly address this question, it is important to consider the timeline of plebeian importance in Rome, considering their transition of status from commoners to complete equals with the patricians, as full roman citizens and equals before the law. Regardless of a timeline however, it can be seen that the plebeians were very important to Rome even when their social status was at its lowest because…

Alps and into the Italian peninsula. Though he lost around a third of his men Hannibal’s forces were revitalized by galls who opposed Rome’s conquest of their land in northern Italy. Hannibal brought around 40000 infantry and 10000 cavalry while the romans brought around 80000 men and 6000 cavalry to the battle of Cannae. When Hannibal arrived at Cannae he took his position…

Two aspects of the Roman politics and culture change noticeably; the rise of Christianity, and the division of the empire which ended with an Eastern and a Western Roman Empire. Christianity altered the Roman lifestyle, while the decentralization of the Empire left Western Europe without a strong political system until the formation of the Holy Roman Empire. Although these changes marked the beginning of the Byzantine Empire, an important continuity shaped the Byzantine political attitude; the…

When we think of the ancient classical civilization of the Romans, what comes to mind? Perhaps it’s the amazing architectural feats, or rather the advanced forms of government that we still use to this very day? I submit that neither is as spectacular as the ancient underground catacombs that hold the mass graves of around 2000 skeletons. After watching the NOVA program (titled Roman Catacomb Mystery) on this specific catacomb, I found several interesting aspects of the graves that include, the…

Many Emperors during the Roman Empire ruled with power. They used the military force to keep their subjects under control by instilling fear in the people. However, not every Roman Emperor ruled through power. Trajan, the emperor from 98-117, ruled through a combination of benevolent acts and decisive action. He used the power of the military to expand the borders of the empire and fix inflation, but he designed and promoted policies to improve the living conditions and job opportunities of the…