RNA

Alongside CRISPR-Cas9 in site specific genome editing are ZFNs and TALENs. ZFNs are a DNA-binding motif assembled as ββα that utilizes a roughly thirty amino acid protein with DNA recognizing amino acids at the alpha helix (Gaj, Gersbach, & Barbas, 2013). These groups of amino acids usually recognize DNA in segments of three. This does not present much specificity in a genome. Therefore multiple DNA-binding motifs need to be combined to create specificity and result in highly specific…

Rhiju Das came to Butler on March 21st to give a lecture on how a videogame has helped code for RNA. Diseases can be traced back to RNA molecule folds. RNA vaccines have a design problem because it is hard to tell what sequence is correct. NUPACK 08 was the most sophisticated computer system and it got the sequence wrong. However, Taipan was designed by a videogamer and it had the correct sequence. Therefore, Das designed a game called Foldit in which players solved puzzles of computers. A…

The objective of the first problem summary assignment was to compose an essay illustrating the impact of non-coding on gene expression, utilize primary articles to discuss the role of specific non-coding RNA molecules in the transcriptome, and examine the implications of current study on future research. In order to accomplish this, I analyzed and summarized the primary research article by Chen et al., which discussed the role of Malat1 in cellular proliferation and differentiation. Once I…

1. Where and when was the first case of Zika virus infection reported? (10 pts) In 1947 Zika virus was first isolated from a monkey coming from the Zika forest in Uganda1. In 1952 first human infections were reported in Uganda and the United Republic of Tanzania1. Reference [1] The History of Zika Virus." World Health Organization. World Health Organization, n.d. Web. 02 Dec. 2016. 2. What are the common symptoms of Zika virus infection (Zika virus disease)? (10 pts) When a person is infected…

Biology Matching Terms DNA- is the replication of your parents and ancestors genes RNA- is the transcription of dna, ribonucleic acid; guides protein synthesis. Translation- process in which RNA is synthesized from the template DNA. Transcription- process in which RNA attaches to the ribosome and a protein is assembled. Replication- method of DNA replication in which parental strands separate, act as templates, and produce molecules of DNA with one parental DNA strand and one new DNA strand.…

DNA gives cells the potential for specific behavior, but this potential will only be realized if the gene is expressed. A gene is expressed if the DNA is transcribed into RNA and then converted into a protein. These proteins can have many different effects on the cell, such as metabolism or neurotransmission. We are now able to tell which specific genes are expressed at a particular time. Gene expression is uncommon, however, with no transcription and only the potential for a behavior as a…

the nucleus to function because without ribosomes, this organelle wouldn’t be able function properly due to the fact that one of its functions is to control which proteins are made. The Chromatin is the name of the substance in which contains, DNA, RNA and proteins and it makes up chromosomes. This part of the organelle helps the Nucleus to function properly because without chromosomes in the structure of the nucleus, this would mean that the ribosomes wouldn’t be provided with the information…

Nucleoli are comprised of DNA, RNA, and proteins and disappear during prophase of cell division only to reassemble during telophase [5]. In addition, nucleoli consist of two separate parts: the granular component and the fibrillar component. The fibrillar component contains a large quantity of RNA polymerase I, which transcribes ribosomal RNA, and the granular component is where the later stages of ribosome production take place [5]. Besides…

DNA purification: To get pure DNA to use, a silica membrane was used to collect the long DNA strands. We started by adding 5 volumes of PB buffer to 1 volume of each PCR reaction. We put column and the silica wafers into tubs and pipetted the DNA samples onto the wafers. We centrifuged the tubes for a minute and disposed of the waste. After that we pipetted 0.75 ml of buffer PE to the samples and spun it for another minute then disposed of the waste. The columns were added to the tubes and spun…

John Watson and together they solved the structure of DNA using available X-ray data at the time and model building. After discovering the double helix model, Crick and fellow scientists were members of the informal "RNA tie club," which was created in order "to solve the riddle of RNA structure, and to understand the way it builds proteins." The club’s primary subject was on the "Central Dogma" which stated that DNA was…