RNA

Recently, the scientific world had witnessed a revolution in genetics - CRISPR. Also known as the “clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats,” CRISPR (pronounced “crisper”) in used in the process of splicing parts of the human genome in order to check and correct genetic errors and defects. As stated by Jennifer Doudna, a chemistry and molecular and cell biology professor at the University of California, Berkeley, “It is enabling the sorts of genetic modifications that in the…

Macromolecules are a essential part of life, which make up living organisms. A macromolecule is a large molecule that is joined by tiny molecules by forming new bonds. This processs is called dehydration synthesis, and it is when a water molecule is removed and a covalent bond is formed. Breaking this bond is called hydrolysis, it is the the addition of a water molecule and releases energy. Examples of macromolecules would be nucleic acids, proteins, and polysaccharides (2 or more sugars). The…

Macromolecules are large molecules that are composed of smaller units. The four major macromolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins. Carbon is the primary component of the four macromolecules. Carbon's molecular structure allows it to bond in many different ways and with many different elements. A Monomer is an atom or small molecule that may bind chemically to other monomers to form a Polymer Different monomers make up a polymer. Polymers combine to make a molecule, and…

compared with the wildtype. Further, the ongoing experiments of the single cell analysis and the eESC in vivo model would provide details in regeneration. The single cell analysis is developed to perform the RNA sequencing and gene expression of the eESC from the different timed mice and cell types. The RNA sequencing of different cell types is studied between the Scx+Gli1-CD146- and Scx+Gli1+CD146+. The punched injury of the mouse model is used to observe the eESC during repair and regeneration…

allows the influenza to enter the victim's body and transmit the virus into the body. Hemagglutinin- is a viral protein for the virus. Capsid- protein shell of a virus. It consists of several structural subunits made from proteins called protomers. RNA- Ribonucleic Acid is a molecule implicated in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes. Lipid Envelope- helps the virus avoid the immune system. Ion Channel- a channel in a cell membrane that opens or…

Can we make a cure for genetic disorders with gene therapy? Gene therapy is about controlling an individual's genetic material and scientists have been trying to make the body's normal ability to battle sickness more affectively. The beneficiary's genome can change but will not pass the disorder to the next generation. In this therapy, the parent's egg or sperm cell are changed with the objective of passing the new changes to their offspring. The improvement of a genetic defect, which…

PURPOSE The purpose of this lab was to isolate DNA from a strawberry. METHODS We used a variety of materials to extract the DNA from the strawberry. These include a disposable cup, a rubber band, a plastic knife, a zipper bag, a pipet, a coffee filter, ethanol, a lysis buffer, a test tube, an inoculating loop, and a strawberry. The general objects that we used for convenience and safety include a lab coat, a tray to cut the strawberry, and lots of paper towels. The…

28. a) A structure that was made if two chains of nucleotides, each in a helix, with each chain running parallel to each other. Also proved that the nucleotide bases could pair up in only one way based on Chargaff’s rule. b) Franklin’s x-ray diffraction photographs showed that the wet form of DNA likely had a double helix. Wilkins showed Watson Franklin’s results and at the time Watson and Crick were experimenting with many potential models of having 1,2 or even 2 strands. As soon as Watson saw…

Mice are commonly used as a model for study of stress and anxiety-related disorders in human patients. Laboratory strains of mice, however, are highly inbred, reared in artificial environments, and do not experience the same selective pressures as wild populations, such as the ability to forage and to elude predators. As a result, biomedical experiments conducted on laboratory strains may not be reflective of processes occurring in naturally reared mouse populations, and indeed, may not be…

The world of biotechnology is often rife with ethical arguments over whether or not certain studies or products should be allowed or not. Lately, these debates have gotten more intense as a result of a new technology that is revolutionizing both research and industry in the biological sciences. The new technology in question has the cryptic name; CRISPR/Cas9, which acts like a microscopic pair of scissors that can cleave DNA sequences with unprecedented precision and speed when compared to any…