RNA

rung along the ladder stores the genetic information contained in the DNA molecule." Proteins determine largely the nature of the traits that are present in an organism. When DNA tries to create these and other kinds of proteins it is transferred into RNA and then carried to the ribosomes of a…

whether or not the true incentive lies in saving the bees. The genome of a bee, Apis mellifera, is now an experiment in genetic manipulation and testing. The agricultural company Monsanto has purchased Beelogics, a continuing study on the use of RNA manipulation on the common honeybee. Monsanto’s first exploration of pest control biotech is working at creating Remebee; an antiviral treatment for honeybees that will resist IAPV or, the Israeli…

angiogenesis, and vasculogenesis. Even though not much at all is known of the gene expression levels during vascular remodeling, and neovascularization, the discovery and understanding of miRNAs in recent years has made it very evident that these RNA molecules have an important function in the miRNA. MiRNA is also in skin disease, it has involvement in follicle autoimmune, morphogenesis, and chronic inflammatory diseases affecting skin. Important cells are dermal fibroblast. They are involved in…

Batch effect refers to the varying results in experiments often observed when experiments are performed at different times. Example causes often include changes in environment, such as temperature and humidity. This effect is most pronounced in RNA due to its lack of stability during common sequencing manipulations such as poly-A tail selection or reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. To limit batch effect, procedures were performed in sequence until cDNA was produced and samples…

Kristina Sebastian Ms.Donatella Biology The Mysterious Disease of Patient X Sickle cell disease is a group of a red blood cell disorder that affects the hemoglobin typically inherited from one's person's parents or relative . The most common type would be sickle cell anemia ; cause by a shortage of red blood cells in the human body . Most people don't know if they have sickle cell disease, which you can get test for . Patient X had a sickle cell disease so he did not have an idea he had the…

Measles, which is also known as Rubeola, is a part of the Morbillivirus Paramyxoviridae family. The name measles is Latin for miserable and myxa is Greek for mucus. The Paramyxoviridae has an affinity for mucous membranes. The measles virus is a type of RNA virus. The paramyxovirus is a spherical envelope that is non-segmented and contains a molecule of linear, negative-sense, single-stranded…

Inflammation is a defense mechanism where the body’s white blood cells fight off bacteria, viruses, and damaged cells(Feeling the Heat- the Link between Inflammation and Cancer, 2013) . When pathogenic cells enter the body, the white blood cells surround that invasion site immediately(Feeling the Heat- the Link between Inflammation and Cancer, 2013) . The white blood cells then release a specific toxic chemical that denatures the pathogen enough to kill it(Feeling the Heat- the Link between…

The purpose of this lab report is to discuss experiments performed in order to study the ctrA gene. It was hypothesized that ctrA will be present in the four bacterial species studied, which are Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1, Rhodobacter sphaeroides 17029, Escherichia coli DH5훂, and Rhodopseudomonas palustris BisB5. It was also hypothesized that ctrA is more conserved in closely related species and less conserved in not closely related species. The last hypothesis for this study is that the…

using binary fission, and move around using flagella. providing structural support, and lets certain elements/substances pass through for cellular work. These two microorganisms also differ in many ways to include different Ribosomal RNAs (rRNA). Archea have three RNA polymerases like eukaryotes, but bacteria have only one. Archaea have cell walls that lack peptidoglycan and have membranes that enclose lipids with hydrocarbons rather than fatty acids. These lipids in the membranes of archaea…

many observable characteristics seen in an organism. Information encoded in the DNA inside of nucleus of living cell must go though many stages: DNA~RNA~Protein with various other steps before the final product. A copy of the DNA facilitates information in genes to become available for protein synthesis. Pre-mRNA is the first sequence and then messenger-RNA is the final step before protein. Different parts of the sequence is removed through a process called splicing. Some parts of the Pre-mRNA…