RNA

A career in cancer research has been my objective since before I entered college. My extensive personal experiences with this disease have deeply impacted my goals and aspirations as both a scientist and as a student. Unlike many undergraduates, I have accumulated an extensive amount of research experience during my undergraduate career, working to answer a broad range of biological questions. These diverse experiences have directly impacted my decision to pursue a graduate degree in immunology,…

of cells in the G2 phase of the cell cycle and inhibits RNA/DNA synthesis significantly at 1 × IC50. The G2/M cell cycle arrest probably corresponds to the DNA/RNA synthesis inhibition, similarly to actinomycin D. Compound 5c is new, active, has high therapeutic index and is the most promising for future drug development. Compounds 3b and 3c inhibited nucleic acid synthesis only at 5 × IC50. We assume that in 3b and 3c (unlike in 5c) DNA/RNA inhibition is a non-specific event and unknown primary…

Vaccination is the process of injecting antigenic material to stimulate immune response. Conventional vaccines insert attenuated or killed infectious agent, such as virus or antigenic protein, into the body to stimulate immune system to develop immunity against the pathogen. However, this type of vaccines has some weakness. For example, attenuated virus may suddenly become very active in the body and cause disease instead of stimulating immune response. Conventional vaccines also unable to…

Sofosbuvir is a drug or antiviral molecule used to treat hepatitis C. It is an antiviral drug which is developing as it has low side effects, high barrier to resistance, a high potency and oral administration. It has a great benefit in the treatment of Hepatitis C patients. It is a small molecule which has a strong therapeutic potential and its specificity and activity have been enhanced. In Hepatitis C virus, Sofosbuvir is a highly potent inhibitor of the NS5B polymerase. Bräu (2005) has argued…

polymerase which requires an RNA primer and DNA template to start forming a new DNA chain. DNA polymerase can only act on the ‘3 end of an unravelling DNA strand, called the leading strand, while the other strand being synthesized is called the lagging strand. The RNA primer initiates the new DNA synthesis by providing a starting site for DNA polymerase to initiate its process. DNA then separates into two strands where it can be replicated into two new chains of DNA. An RNA primer is required…

1. Describe the goal of the experiment or state the hypothesis or problem to be solved. The goal of the experiment is to understand the cell. The students will understand the characteristics of the Cell. 2. Describe background information from your lab manual or other references? Amylopast: An organelle in some plant cells that stores the waste of the cell. Cell membrane: thin layer of protein outside of cell that protects the whole structure. Cell Wall: can be found only in plant cells,…

Describe the structure and function of bacteria in comparison to a virus Both bacteria and viruses are mircoogranmisms. Viruses are small obligate intracellular parasites, which by definition contain either a RNA or DNA genome surrounded by a protective, virus-coded protein coat called a caspid. They are classed as non-living because they cannot surive on their own. Conversley, bacteria are single celled livng microbes. The cell structure is simpler than that of other organisms as there is no…

The rabies virus has already survived for hundreds of years and is often fatal. The are 71 different species in this pathogen's family with 11 genera. The genus I identified is the lyssavirus from the family Rhabdovirdae. The species of the family Rhabdovirdae, I found on this farm in Montana, was rabies. Animals and humans can be a host to this virus. It is a zoonotic disease prevalent in wildlife, and the main animals involved vary between continents. In North America the main animals involved…

enzymes involved in the DNA replication process are: 1. DNA polymerase – it is the enzyme that synthesizes DNA and adds nucleotides to the 3’ end of the growing strand (Pierce, 2013, p. 241). 2. Telomerase – an enzyme, which has both a protein and an RNA component, extends the telomeres by making copies of the repeat sequence (Pierce, 2013). 3. DNA helicase – is an enzyme that breaks the hydrogen bonds between the two bases of the two nucleotide strands (Pierce, 2013, p. 241). 4.…

shape. This can be deadly as the amount of misfolded proteins build up. A small dose of misfolded prions can infect the whole organism. Viruses have an outer capsid, composed of protein subunits and an inner core of nucleic acids with either DNA or RNA. They contain protein, nucleic acid, and lipids. Some viruses like the influenza virus also have spikes, which attach the virus to a host cell. The interior of a virus can contain enzymes that assist in the manufacture of a new virus. Many animal…