RNA splicing

In sequence 1, the protein that the DNA sequence coded for was Presenilin 2, also known as PSEN2. These proteins are developed from directions from the Presenilin Gene. One of the jobs of PSEN2 Gene is to process proteins that transmit chemical proteins from the cell membrane into the nucleus. From there they can activate genes, critical to cell growth and maturation (What is the normal function of the PSEN2 gene ). Processing amyloid precursor protein is also one of the main functions of PSEN2.…

The APOE gene, located on chromosome 19, is a gene that helps in the creation of apolipoprotein E to help to form molecules called lipoproteins, this protein forms the lipo-proteins by combining with lipids in the body. By forming lipo-proteins, apolipoprotein E participates in the responsibility of managing cholesterol and carrying it, and other fats, through the bloodstream. By maintaining cholesterol, it helps to act as a prevention against disorders that can hurt the cardiovascular system,…

Overall Structure (Score 7) Dr. Glaunsinger divided her talk into four main sections over the course of her 50-minute talk. As her introduction, she appropriately began by providing a synopsis of her research by describing the mission of her lab and providing an overview of her interest in the interaction between DNA viruses and the eukaryotic genetic regulatory systems. To emphasize the broad goals of her lab, she introduced examples of model viruses, such as the gamma herpes viruses and MHV68…

Virus Taxonomy Order: Unassigned Family: Bunyaviridae Genus: Phlebovirus Species: Toscana virus talk.ictvonline.org Structure and genome The toscana virus (TOSV) is a negative-single stranded RNA virus, it is spherical in shape, it has an enveloped surrounding its capsid, and it has a diameter of 80–120 nm. Its genome is partitioned into three segments, termed (large)L, (medium)M and (small)S. With L about 6,400 nucleotides in length, M about 4,200 nucleotides in…

Alkaline phosphatase (AP) is a homodimeric enzyme complex that is commonly found in a wide range of organisms, from bacteria to all tissues of the human body. AP is a zinc metalloenzyme (1), in which metal ions play a key role in the regulation of catalytic activities and stabilization of enzyme-substrate complex. As proposed by Gettins and Coleman using NMR studies (10), each active site of AP comprises of three metal binding sites, which acknowledged as M1, M2, and M3. Two zinc ions bind to…

a template for RNAs capable of recognizing viral DNA within a cell and as a means to bind the endonuclease CRISPR associated protein 9 (Cas9). These complexes allow the enzyme to be shuttled to the target DNA to perform a cut on one or both strands of the foreign DNA in either of the enzyme’s two active sites. Recently, scientists have repurposed this bacterial defense mechanism as a genome editing utility to cut, shuttle, or bind desired molecules anywhere within DNA as custom RNA harnesses the…

As stated previously, all that needs to be done is the guide RNA needs to lead the Cas9 enzyme to a particular location on a gene. An article in the New York Times stated that the system was so easy, that it could be mastered by a graduate student within an hour. This is a huge breakthrough when one takes into consideration…

Under oxidative conditions, certain nucleobases (for example, adenine and cytosine) can form N-oxides. Also, the C8 position of guanosine is vulnerable to hydrolytic attack under either strongly acidic or strongly alkaline conditions. The 5,6 double bond of pyrimidine nucleosides also reacts with halogens and halohydrins to give the corresponding addition products (Shabarova and Bogdanov, 1994). Selected examples of the side reactions that occur during oligonucleotide synthesis are given below.…

Leroy et al. (2000) used 4 microsatellite primers to characterise Brassica oleracea accessions. Among the 136 reproducible fragments generated, 25 (18.4%) fragments were common for all Brassica, 27 (19.9%) were unique and 84 (61.7%) were phylogenetically informative. Flannery et al. (2006) assessed polymorphisms in Brassica, Arabidopsis, Camelina, Raphanus and Sinapis using 10 plastid SSR primer sets. Eight loci were polymorphic, and separated the individuals of Brassicaceae into taxon-specific…

As aware of by most, one of the leading diseases that is causing a threat to our society currently is cancer. The prevalence of this disease is overwhelming and the treatment is possible; however, there is still need for further investigation into the cause of this disease before ¬¬¬¬¬it is thoroughly understood. Through increasing research there has been a connection made that cancer is the result of cells that continually replicate and causes for neoplasm to develop at an alarming rate (2).…